10-14岁的日本青少年营养不足率:2018年至2023年的横截面聚合分析 (NICE证据研究5)
Efrem d'Avila Ferreira1, Sakiko Yoshizawa Morikawa1,2, Yasunaga Takeda1
1Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
Journal of nutrition and metabolism
|August 1, 2025
概括
10-14岁的日本青少年经历营养不足,特别是女性. 关键问题包括微量营养素和纤维的摄入量低,盐的摄入量高,突出了饮食干预的领域.
科学领域:
- 青少年营养 青少年营养
- 饮食评估 饮食评估
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 青春期是成长和发育的关键时期,需要足够的营养摄入.
- 在青春期建立的饮食模式可以影响长期的健康结果.
- 了解日本青少年的营养状况对于有针对性的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述10-14岁的日本青少年的人口统计,营养摄入量和遵守饮食指南.
- 为了确定特定的营养素和食物组摄入模式,并评估营养充足度.
- 为制定改善日本青少年饮食习惯的策略提供数据.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及5225名日本小学和初中生 (年龄10-14岁) 的横截面研究.
- 饮食摄入量使用简要类型的自我管理的饮食史问卷 (BDHQ) 进行评估.
- 对日本人的饮食参考摄入量 (2025) 进行评估的营养摄入不足.
主要成果:
- 较高的女性瘦身和男性超重/肥胖的流行率.
- 每天的早餐消费量随着年龄的增长而下降;女性 (12-14岁) 的营养不充分率更高.
- 常见的微量营养素不足包括铁,,维生素D;观察到高盐摄入量 (>90%不足) 和低纤维摄入量.
结论:
- 日本青少年表现出显著的营养不足,在微量营养素和纤维摄入以及高消费方面存在特殊挑战.
- 饮食干预应侧重于促进定期的早餐,增加微量营养素和纤维摄入量,减少,总脂肪和和脂肪.
- 解决这些饮食问题对于改善日本青少年的营养状况和长期健康至关重要.
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