忠诚的飞行员,人工智能和认知增强:对赛博格-无人机战争的警告
1Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Journal of military ethics
|August 1, 2025
概括
支持人工智能 (AI) 的无人机在战争中带来道德风险. 虽然脑-计算机接口 (BCI) 可以增强人类的控制能力,但它们可能会破坏飞行员的地位和战斗中的道德行为.
科学领域:
- 军事道德 军事道德
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 人与机器的合作.
背景情况:
- 各国正在开发用于军事应用的支持人工智能的武装无人机,以"忠诚的飞行员"概念为例.
- 这些自主系统具有战术优势,但在人类对致命武力的控制方面引发了重大的伦理问题.
- 确保有意义的人类控制对于防止不公正的行为和在人工智能辅助战争中分配责任至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析使用脑计算机接口 (BCI) 来增强人类对支持人工智能的无人机的控制的伦理影响.
- 评估将BCI整合到无人机战争中的潜在军事伦理利益与伦理缺点.
主要方法:
- 在人工智能和人机合作的背景下对军事伦理的概念分析.
- 检查"忠诚的飞行员"概念及其对关键功能依赖AI的依赖.
- 评估脑计算机接口 (BCI) 作为实现有意义的人类控制的手段.
主要成果:
- BCI可能会提高人类监督员的认知能力,从而能够更快地对不公正的AI行为进行干预.
- 然而,BCI在无人机战争中的整合引入了新的伦理风险.
- 这些风险包括破坏飞行员的非战斗人员地位,以及在使用武力时侵蚀人类的道德自由.
结论:
- 使用BCI来加强对AI无人机的控制的潜在伦理益处被显著的伦理缺点所抵消.
- 通过BCI进行"机器人无人机战争"可能会危及战争的基本伦理原则.
- 需要对先进的人机集成对军事行为和道德责任的长期影响进行进一步的伦理审查.
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