健康中的耻辱测量:系统性审查
Sara Malone1, Lara Counts2, Luke Zabotka1
1School of Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
EClinicalMedicine
|August 1, 2025
概括
这一系统性审查强调,迫切需要在各种健康状况中提供标准化的耻辱测量工具和干预措施. 解决儿科研究中的差距和结构性耻辱驱动因素对于改善全球健康结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 心理学科学 心理学科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 耻辱大大阻碍了各种疾病的个体寻求健康的行为和结果.
- 进行了一项系统性审查,以了解污名在健康环境中是如何定义和测量的.
- 识别污名测量和干预方法的差距对于改善患者护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查健康中的耻辱的定义和测量工具.
- 确定 stigma 的测量和干预策略中现有的差距.
- 为制定标准化和情境敏感的污名化方法提供信息.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA指南进行了系统审查.
- 在数据库中搜索了2024年7月健康污名测量研究的数据,选了8123个引用.
- 提取了关于耻辱定义,测量工具,心理特征和干预措施的数据.
主要成果:
- 确定了来自101个国家的2605个耻辱测量工具,其中大多数是应用而不是开发的.
- 确定了750多个耻辱工具,许多被调整或缩短;117项研究报告了有效的干预措施,主要是针对成年人.
- 关键的差距包括缺乏对耻辱定义的共识,对儿科人口的研究有限,以及对结构性耻辱的关注不足.
结论:
- 需要标准化,环境敏感的耻辱测量工具和干预措施,适用于各种条件和环境.
- 解决发现的差距对于减少全球耻辱的负担和改善健康结果至关重要.
- 未来的研究应该优先考虑统一的概念方法和定义,以开发全球适应性工具和可扩展的干预措施,针对个人经验和耻辱的结构驱动因素.
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