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嗅觉的丧失降低了毛虫的表现,并增加了对自然敌人的敏感性
Qi Wang1, Yufei Jia1, Hans M Smid1
1Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.
eLife
|August 1, 2025
概括
毛毛虫使用嗅觉来寻找食物,避免捕食者. 破坏它们的气味受体共受体 (Orco) 基因显著影响了它们的食和对抗自然敌人的生存.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 昆虫的行为昆虫的行为
- 化学生态化学生态学
背景情况:
- 毛虫的嗅觉是不太了解,尽管强大的选择从自然敌人,如寄生虫黄蜂.
- 通过嗅觉寻找宿主植物在成年昆虫中得到了很好的研究,但在幼虫阶段没有.
- 了解毛虫的嗅觉是解读复杂的三营养相互作用的关键.
研究的目的:
- 研究 *Pieris brassicae* 毛虫的嗅觉系统.
- 确定嗅觉在草食植物寄生虫相互作用中的作用.
- 检查嗅觉缺陷如何影响毛毛虫的食和抗寄生虫防御.
主要方法:
- 利用CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑来创建气味受体共受体 (Orco) 淘汰 (KO) 毛虫.
- 评估毛虫的体重,食偏好和在寄生虫攻击下生存率.
- 分析了植物和昆虫相互作用中的挥发性化合物.
主要成果:
- 甲KO毛虫的嗅觉检测受损,体重减少.
- 科奥毛虫失去了对最佳宿主植物 (*Brassica oleracea*) 的偏好.
- 当被 *Cotesia glomerata* 寄生虫攻击时,Orco KO 毛虫的死亡率增加.
结论:
- 嗅觉信息对于毛毛虫来说至关重要,以定位食物并避免自然敌人.
- 化学受体基因在塑造草食动物的生态相互作用方面发挥着重要作用.
- 这项研究强调了嗅觉对毛虫生存和行为的重要性.
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