联合免疫缺陷患者中MALT1功能丧失:一种新的致病变体和免疫学见解
Zhirui Tian1,2, Ran Chen1,2, Yanjun Jia1,2,3
1National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Journal of clinical immunology
|August 1, 2025
概括
生殖系MALT1缺陷通过破坏NF-kB信号传递导致严重的综合免疫缺陷 (CID). 一种新型的MALT1变异导致免疫细胞功能受损和炎症表型,突显出血造干细胞移植 (HSCT) 的必要性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 在MALT1 (粘膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤转位基因1) 中的生殖系变异破坏了CARD-BCL10-MALT1 (CBM) 复合体.
- 这种复合体对于激活NF-kB通路至关重要,这与联合免疫缺陷 (CID) 和淋巴增殖等免疫疾病有关.
研究的目的:
- 在患有重复感染,口腔,皮肤炎,慢性腹,发育不良和早期死亡的患者中,确定严重免疫缺陷和失调的遗传原因.
- 阐明一种新型MALT1变异对免疫细胞信号传递和发育的功能后果.
主要方法:
- 对临床和实验室记录的审查.
- 来自患者和父母的基因组DNA的下一代测序 (NGS).
- 流细胞计,RT-PCR和免疫血栓检测以评估淋巴细胞子集,MALT1表达和NF-kB信号传递.
主要成果:
- 发现了一种新的致病性双性功能丧失MALT1变体 (c.1411G>A;p.D471N),导致MALT1蛋白表达显著减少.
- 观察到CBM介导的NF-kB激活受损,p65酸化减少,IL-2和TNF-α产生不足.
- 患者表现出Tfr和Treg细胞减少,正常的Tfh细胞增加PD-1/ICOS表达,低NK和B细胞数量,过渡性B细胞发育阻断和边缘区域类似B细胞减少.
结论:
- 人类MALT1缺陷通过损害CBM-NF-kB信号传递和MALT1酶活性,对CID产生深远的影响.
- 鉴定到的MALT1 D471N突变模仿了支架和酶功能的部分损失,导致炎症表型.
- 造血干细胞移植 (HSCT) 是对MALT1缺乏症的推治疗选择.
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