在美国的显微镜下,毒品非犯罪化政策:犯罪数据的考虑,以告知未来的研究
Hope M Smiley-McDonald1, Barrot H Lambdin2, Pamela K Lattimore1
1Justice Practice Area, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States.
The International journal on drug policy
|August 1, 2025
概括
俄勒冈 俄勒冈 俄勒冈 俄勒冈
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
背景情况:
- 俄勒冈州的2020年投票措施110 (M110) 将物质使用反应从刑事司法转移到以健康为中心的模型.
- M110旨在提供普遍获得物质使用障碍治疗的机会,并减少刑事司法参与.
- 实施过程中,治疗和支持服务的资金出现了延迟.
研究的目的:
- 为研究人员和政策制定者提供信息,了解使用犯罪数据来评估新的毒品政策的复杂性.
- 通过使用初步犯罪趋势数据来评估M110的影响,强调方法方面的挑战.
- 强调需要可靠,与政策一致的数据,以进行准确的影响评估.
主要方法:
- 对政策前后犯罪趋势数据的分析,特别是因控制物质持有而被捕的人数.
- 考虑诸如COVID-19流行病和住房短缺等混因素.
- 基于有限的数据,对过早的政策影响评估进行方法论批判.
主要成果:
- 初步研究表明,M110实施后,受控物质被捕人数有所减少.
- 显著的混因素使直接将犯罪趋势仅归因于M110.0复杂化.
- 延迟的资金流影响了与M110的健康目标直接相关的数据的可用性.
结论:
- 仅仅是犯罪趋势数据就不足以对M110的有效性进行全面评估.
- 在评估具有复杂实施时间表的毒品政策时,方法论的严谨性至关重要.
- 与政策目标一致的纵向数据收集是整体影响评估所必需的.
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