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相关概念视频

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
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Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
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相关实验视频

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Fabricating Superhydrophobic Polymeric Materials for Biomedical Applications
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面向光学质量的多聚化物使用脂肪酸胺作为澄清剂.

Matthias Balthasar Kesting1,2, Sebastian Hochstädt3, Eric Terbrack1

  • 1Department Lippstadt 1, Hamm-Lippstadt University of Applied Sciences, Marker-Allee 76-78, 59063 Hamm, Germany.

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概括

这项研究通过使用脂肪酸胺作为澄清剂来增强聚酸 (PLA) 用于照明. 控制的结晶可以提高光学清晰度,使PLA能够承受更高的温度.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
  • 光学工程是指光学工程.

背景情况:

  • 聚乙烯 (PLA) 是一种用于光学应用的可持续聚合物.
  • 由于结晶,PLA的使用受限于55-65°C以上的阴影.
  • 脂肪酸胺是已知的PLA片的澄清剂.

研究的目的:

  • 将脂肪酸胺基澄清剂的应用扩展到重的PLA材料 (1.5毫米).
  • 研究这些添加剂对PLA光学和热性质的影响.
  • 了解澄清效应背后的分子机制.

主要方法:

  • 光学特征的描述.
  • 显微镜的使用方法
  • 不同扫描热量计 (DSC)
  • 在X射线衍射 (XRD) 中.
  • 核磁共振 (NMR) 是一种核磁共振技术.

主要成果:

  • 脂肪酸胺基作为核化剂而起作用,而不会改变结晶性或晶体结构.
  • 控制的低温结晶通过减少晶体的尺寸来提高澄清器的有效性.
  • 经过处理的PLA样本在暴露于80°C后保持了高光学传输.

结论:

  • 脂肪酸胺可以提高重的PLA的高温光学性能.
  • 建议使用低温炼步骤,以最大限度地提高澄清效果.
  • 这项研究使PLA在苛刻的光学和照明场景中得到了更广泛的应用.