评估英格兰NHS低卡路里饮食实施试点:联合制作的混合方法研究
Louisa J Ells1, Tamara Brown1, Jamie Matu1
1Obesity Institute, School of Health, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK.
Health and social care delivery research
|August 2, 2025
概括
国家卫生服务 (NHS) 的低热量饮食计划有效地支持减肥和2型糖尿病管理. 建议在公平性,吸收和交付方面进行改进,以便更广泛地采用.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 英国国家卫生服务局 (NHS) 试行了一项低卡路里饮食计划,使用全面的饮食替代和行为改变支持,为超重和2型糖尿病的成年人提供支持.
- 交付方法包括1:1组或数字格式,以改善健康结果.
研究的目的:
- 进行NHS低热量饮食试点的定性和经济评估.
- 了解长期的成本效益,实施,公平性和跨不同人群的可转移性.
主要方法:
- 一个混合方法的研究,使用现实主义知情的方法.
- 包括半结构面试 (n=67名用户,n=55名员工,n=9名提供商),焦点小组 (n=13) 和用户调查 (n=719).
- 研究结果与NHS临床数据 (n=7540) 进行了三角比较.
主要成果:
- 55%的用户完成了该计划,平均体重减轻10.3公斤;32%的人实现了2型糖尿病缓解.
- 障碍包括推不平等和COVID-19;促进者是跨利益相关者合作.
- 实施忠实度有所不同,确定了以人为中心的护理需求,并改善了整体饮食替代品的交付.
结论:
- 国家卫生服务局的低热量饮食计划在临床上是有效的,并且在2型糖尿病中减肥和血糖控制方面具有潜在的成本效益.
- 确定需要改进的领域包括推权益,吸收,完成和交付忠诚度.
- 建议为国家推广提供了信息,需要持续监测和长期后续行动.
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