模拟牧场奶牛的阴影使用,使用传感器衍生数据和机器学习
Simon J R Woodward1, Lydia J Farrell1, Chris R Burke1
1DairyNZ, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand.
Journal of dairy science
|August 2, 2025
概括
当太阳辐射高,温度超过24°C,风速低时,奶牛利用阴影. 每头牛提供1.3平方米的阴影优化了它的使用,这对于减轻热应激至关重要.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 环境生理学环境生理学
- 农业工程 农业工程
背景情况:
- 热压力对奶牛的健康,福利和生产力产生重大影响,特别是对于牧场放牧的动物.
- 太阳辐射是放牧奶牛热量负荷的主要贡献者.
- 提供阴影是减轻热应激的关键策略,但缺乏关于其使用的大规模数据.
研究的目的:
- 量化牧场奶牛群的阴影可用性和利用率.
- 用传感器衍生数据和机器学习方法分析阴影使用模式.
- 确定影响乳牛颜色选择的环境和资源因素.
主要方法:
- 利用全球定位系统 (GPS) 在一个夏季一个月内,在新西兰四个农场使用哺乳乳奶牛的位置数据.
- 集成15分钟的天气数据和空中光探测和距离 (LiDAR) 图像,以预测阴影区域.
- 采用了九种不同的机器学习模型来量化和预测牛影使用模式.
主要成果:
- 牛使用是可以预测的,并受到多个相互作用的环境变量的影响.
- 当太阳辐射超过每小时2MJ/m2时,阴影利用率显著增加.
- 最佳的阴影使用发生在每头牛至少1.3平方米的阴影下,特别是当温度超过24°C,风速低于4.2米/秒时.
结论:
- 机器学习和GPS数据提供了一个可扩展的方法来分析商业奶牛群的阴影使用情况.
- 特定的环境值 (太阳辐射,温度,风速) 和每个牛的阴影可用性决定了阴影的使用.
- 结果支持数据驱动的决策,以优化阴影基础设施投资和管理,以改善奶牛的福利和生产.
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