国家级学校体育教育和休假法规的问责制和资金
Hannah R Thompson1, Ursula Lochner-Bravo1, Jonanne Talebloo1
1Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California.
American journal of preventive medicine
|August 2, 2025
概括
大多数美国州对学校体育教育和休息时间的法律缺乏问责制和资金要求. 这种缺失可能会阻碍实施,并造成学生的健康结果不平等.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 教育政策 教育政策
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
背景情况:
- 学校的体育教育和休息对于青少年的体育活动和社会情感成长至关重要.
- 目前这些计划的实施面临挑战,在初级水平上,遵守程度较低.
- 有限的问责制和资金经常被认为是有效执行法律的障碍.
研究的目的:
- 确定美国有关小学体育教育和休息时间的州级法律在多大程度上包括问责制和/或资助条款.
- 确定可能阻碍体育教育和休假法成功实施的潜在立法缺口.
主要方法:
- 对美国有关公立小学体育教育和休息时间的现行州法律进行了横断审查.
- 使用了包括与学校学生相关的法律分类和国家教育委员会全国协会在内的数据库.
- 法律系统地进行了双重编码,以确定问责制和资金相关语言的存在.
主要成果:
- 49个州 (96.1%) 有体育教育法律,22个州 (43.1%) 有休假法律;21个州 (41.2%) 有两者.
- 在拥有体育教育法律的州中,只有12个 (25.5%) 包含问责制语言,只有1个 (2.0%) 包含资金语言.
- 对于休假法律,5个州 (22.7%) 提到了问责制,而没有一个州包括资金语言.
结论:
- 虽然关于体育教育和休息的州立法很普遍,但大多数法律缺乏必要的问责制和资金组成部分.
- 立法中缺乏这种语言可能是导致实施不良和学生健康结果差异的重要因素.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索立法语言和法律实施之间的联系,为制定更强有力的政策提供信息.
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