与马来西亚萨巴州不完整隐性结核病感染预防治疗相关的因素
Ahmad Firdaus Mohamed1, Mohd Nazri Shafei1, Wan Mohd Zahiruddin Wan Mohammad1
1Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.
PeerJ
|August 4, 2025
概括
在马来西亚,9.2%的潜伏性结核病感染 (LTBI) 患者没有完成预防治疗. 非医疗保健工作者职业,居住在Tawau,没有结核病接触与不完整的LTBI治疗有关.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 潜伏性结核病感染 (LTBI) 是马来西亚的一个重大公共卫生问题,沙巴的结核病 (TB) 发病率很高.
- 未经治疗的LTBI可能会发展为活跃的结核病,需要预防性治疗以减少传播.
- 坚持LTBI预防治疗是至关重要的,但具有挑战性,影响结核病控制工作.
研究的目的:
- 确定在马来西亚萨巴州没有完成预防治疗的LTBI患者的比例.
- 为了确定与不完整的LTBI预防治疗相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 从萨巴州卫生部门的LTBIS 401A登记处对LTBI患者的追溯记录审查.
- 多重后勤回归分析以确定与不完整治疗相关的因素.
主要成果:
- 总共分析了895名LTBI患者.
- 不完整的LTBI预防治疗的比例为9.2%.
- 与不完整治疗相关的因素包括非医疗保健工作者职业 (aOR=4.21),居住在Tawau部门 (aOR=2.00) 和没有与结核病患者接触 (aOR=2.79).
结论:
- 萨巴的不完整LTBI预防治疗率低于许多之前的研究.
- 需要针对有针对性的干预措施,以解决健康和医疗保健可访问性的社会决定因素,以保护处于危险的群体.
- 建议进行前性研究,以评估旨在改善治疗完成率的干预措施的有效性.
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