青少年自我伤害,自杀念头和自杀企图的多层次风险和保护因素
Alison L Calear1, Philip J Batterham1, Aliza Werner-Seidler2
1Centre for Mental Health Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
概括
澳大利亚青少年中自杀的痛苦和自我伤害很高. 亲社会行为和同行关系是保护因素,而同行问题增加了自杀想法和企图的风险.
科学领域:
- 青少年心理健康研究研究
- 纵向队列研究是指纵向队列研究.
- 公共卫生干预措施 公共卫生干预措施
背景情况:
- 青少年的自杀困扰和自我伤害需要更好地了解风险和保护因素,以进行有效的干预.
- 以前的纵向研究缺乏这些因素的力量,代表性和多层次分析.
- 这项研究评估了患病率,并确定了澳大利亚大量青少年队列中的多层次风险和保护因素.
研究的目的:
- 评估澳大利亚青少年中自我伤害,自杀念头和自杀企图的普遍性.
- 确定与这些结果相关的个人,家庭和学校层面的风险和保护因素.
- 为青少年心理健康提供有针对性的预防和早期干预策略.
主要方法:
- 来自134所澳大利亚学校的4122名青少年的前性队列研究 (未来检验研究).
- 在基线和12个月后期收集的数据,包括心理健康,生活方式,社会和学校层面的因素.
- 一般化的线性混合模型用于分析基线因素和12个月后结果之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 在12个月的随访中,自伤率为17.7%,自杀念头为18.6%,自杀企图为3.0%.
- 与自我伤害和自杀念头的显著关联包括女性和性别多元身份,LGBTQA+身份和亲社会行为.
- 同龄人问题与自杀想法和自杀企图有显著的关联.
结论:
- 澳大利亚青少年的自杀困扰和自我伤害率仍然很高.
- 减少抑郁症症状,改善同行关系和缓解在线欺凌是潜在的干预目标.
- 为家庭提供社会支持对于预防和早期干预计划至关重要.
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