奇异的侵入性植物物种增加了初级生产力,但不是在它们的原生范围
Ragan M Callaway1, Robert W Pal2, Adrian Schaar3
1Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, USA.
Ecology letters
|August 4, 2025
概括
奇特的入侵植物在它们的非原生范围中显著提高了生态系统的生产力,而不仅仅是被动地殖民更丰富的环境. 这种入侵效应推动了更高的生物质,挑战了关于植物竞争和生态系统功能的先前假设.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 侵入性物种 生物学 生物学
- 植物生态学植物生态学
背景情况:
- 生态系统的净初级生产率 (NPP) 通常受到非生物因素的限制.
- 外来入侵植物经常与生态系统生产率的提高有关.
- 之前的研究缺乏实验证据来区分入侵效应与特定物种的特征或地点选择.
研究的目的:
- 确定外来入侵植物是否积极推动生态系统生产率的提高,或者它们是否仅仅是更富有生产力的环境中的乘客.
- 为了区分入侵本身的影响与固有的物种生产力或微站点殖民优势.
主要方法:
- 在地面上测量了五种植物物种的生物质,它们的本地和非本地范围.
- 实地研究和普通花园实验进行,以控制环境变量.
- 进行了对本地与非本地范围生物质的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 外来入侵者在实地研究中增加了91%,在非原生范围内的普通花园中增加了107%.
- 这些提高生产力的效应在研究物种的原生范围中明显较小或不存在.
- 当被引入新环境时,观察到的生产率增加在物种之间是一致的.
结论:
- 外来入侵植物是生态系统生产率增加的重要驱动因素,特别是在它们的非原生范围.
- 增强的生产力是入侵过程本身的结果,不仅仅是由于该物种固有的特征或它们对已经生产的地点的殖民.
- 了解这种入侵驱动的生产力背后的机制对于预测生态系统对生物入侵的反应至关重要.
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