美国执法机构内部的专业心理健康危机应对活动
Zoe Lindenfeld1, Amanda I Mauri2, Saba Rouhani3
1Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA. Zoe.Lindenfeld@Rutgers.edu.
Community mental health journal
|August 5, 2025
概括
许多警察部门缺乏专门的心理健康危机应对团队. 更大的城市机构与合作伙伴关系和更多的使用武力事件更有可能指定心理健康单位或人员.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
- 心理健康服务 心理健康服务
背景情况:
- 警方经常遇到患有心理健康危机的人.
- 有效的应对策略对于社区安全和个人福祉至关重要.
- 当前警察应对心理健康危机的方法有很大差异.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定美国执法机构在心理健康危机上专门的警察反应的普遍性.
- 调查与实施这些专业响应相关的组织和社区因素.
主要方法:
- 利用了2020年对2500多个美国执法机构进行的国家调查的数据.
- 检查了四种响应类型:指定的单位,指定的人员,没有指定的心理健康解决方案,或没有特定的心理健康响应.
- 使用后勤回归模型来识别与每个响应类型相关的因素.
主要成果:
- 超过一半的机构 (51.0%) 没有专门的单位或人员来解决心理健康问题.
- 一个很小的百分比 (6.9%) 没有专门解决心理健康危机.
- 较大,城市机构,与外部合作伙伴关系相关的机构,以及使用武力的投诉较高的机构更有可能有指定单位或人员.
结论:
- 不到一半的美国执法机构对心理健康危机有专门的反应.
- 采取专业应对措施的障碍和促进因素需要进一步调查.
- 需要特别注意农村和资源不足的机构.
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