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青少年的正常体重肥胖:模式和相关因素
1Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland.
Frontiers in nutrition
|August 5, 2025
概括
正常体重肥胖 (NWO) 影响16.5%的青少年,在女孩中患病率更高. 这种状况的特点是,尽管身体质量指数 (BMI) 正常,但体内脂肪过多,因此需要对身体成分进行评估,以便早期检测和预防.
科学领域:
- 儿科内分泌学 儿科内分泌学
- 公共卫生 营养 公共卫生 营养
- 身体组成分析 身体成分分析
背景情况:
- 正常体重肥胖 (NWO) 是一种新兴的心脏代谢风险因素,定义为正常体重指数 (BMI) 个体的多余体脂肪.
- 关于NWO的流行率和相关因素的数据有限,特别是在青少年人群中.
- 了解青少年的NWO对于制定有针对性的公共卫生干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定NWO在波兰青少年中的患病率.
- 通过生态框架在这个人口群体中识别与NWO相关的个体和上下文因素.
主要方法:
- 基于人口的横截面研究 (ADOPOLNOR) 涉及4,037名具有正常BMI (IOTF分类) 的青少年 (10-18岁).
- 使用生物电阻分析评估的身体组成;NWO定义为年龄和性别的第85个百分位或以上的脂肪质量百分比 (FM%).
- 用物流回归分析来确定NWO的风险和保护因素.
主要成果:
- NWO患病率为16.5% (女孩为17.3%,男孩为15.8%),表明BMI在检测过度肥胖方面的局限性.
- NWO的危险因素包括女性性别,年龄较大,家庭肥胖史和减肥饮食.
- 鉴定到的保护因素是家庭富裕程度高,饮食质量好,饮食时间规律,身体活动水平高.
结论:
- NWO在青少年中普遍存在,通常仅通过BMI查无法检测到.
- 建议进行常规的身体成分评估,以便在青少年中早期识别NWO.
- 促进健康的生活方式行为对于预防NWO和相关心脏代谢风险至关重要.
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