视觉场景感知中的眼动模式的跨文化分析:对七个文化样本进行比较
Jiří Čeněk1,2,3, Daniela Halámková4, Jan Caha5,6
1Department of Social Studies, Faculty of Regional Development and International Studies, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 61300, Brno, Czechia. cenek@mendelu.cz.
Scientific reports
|August 5, 2025
概括
复杂场景中的视觉注意力模式在不同文化中异常不同. 这项眼睛追踪研究发现,来自加纳和土耳其的参与者表现出最具分析性的观看,挑战了关于整体和分析感知的先前假设.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 跨文化心理学 跨文化心理学
- 视觉感知 视觉感知 视觉感知
背景情况:
- 了解复杂场景中的视觉注意力对于认知科学至关重要.
- 以前的研究经常假定整体与分析观看模式的跨文化差异是可预测的.
- 关于代表性不足的文化群体的视觉注意力模式的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查在复杂场景的自由观看过程中视觉注意力的跨文化相似性和差异.
- 检查影响视觉注意力指标的因素,如停留时间和折叠长度.
- 挑战和完善现有假设关于文化对视觉感知的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用眼睛追踪技术记录视觉注意力数据.
- 采用了70张现实世界的照片,其中一个或两个焦点对象作为刺激.
- 在2020-2022年期间,收集了来自七个不同的文化样本 (非洲,东亚,欧洲,近东) 的408名参与者的数据.
主要成果:
- 与假设相反,来自加纳和土耳其的参与者显示出最具分析性的观看模式.
- 来自台湾的参与者表现出最全面的观看模式,正如预测的那样.
- 令人惊的是,来自德国和捷克的参与者在观看模式方面与台湾没有显著差异.
- 探索了焦点对象特征 (数量,大小) 和社会人口统计学变量与停留时间之间的关系.
结论:
- 这些发现挑战了对文化决定的视觉注意力模式的先入为主的观念.
- 强调需要重新考虑各种人群中关于整体与分析感知之间的假设.
- 贡献了对场景感知模式的新见解,特别是来自代表性不足的文化背景.
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