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基于逆转录病毒的伪型病毒中和试验高估了接受整合酶抑制剂的参与者血清中的中和活性
Mhairi J McCormack1, Patawee Asamaphan2, Ellen C Hughes2,3
1Medical Research Council, University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK. m.mccormack.1@research.gla.ac.uk.
Scientific reports
|August 6, 2025
概括
逆转录病毒伪型测定高估了HIV感染者服用整合酶抑制剂的病毒中和. 由于药物干扰,这些测试不适合评估该人群的免疫力.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 复原病毒伪型检测是测量对病毒功能性免疫力的标准.
- 人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 患者的整合酶抑制剂治疗可能会影响测定精度.
- 准确评估病毒中和是了解保护性免疫的关键.
研究的目的:
- 评估逆转录病毒伪型试验的适用性,以测量严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 和C型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 中和在艾滋病毒感染者中.
- 调查整合酶抑制剂治疗对这些试验可靠性的影响.
主要方法:
- 在马拉维队伍中,基于HIV的SARS-CoV-2伪病毒与基于VSV的SARS-CoV-2伪病毒进行了比较.
- 在英国的患者中使用基于MLV的HCV伪病毒评估HCV中和,包括艾滋病毒感染者.
- 测试了假病毒对抗逆转录病毒药物,特别是像杜洛特格拉维尔这样的整合酶抑制剂,并分析了分离的IgG.
主要成果:
- 基于HIV的测试显示,与基于VSV的测试相比,HIV感染个体的SARS-CoV-2中和率显著更高,表明过高估计.
- 在使用基于HIV的SARS-CoV-2和基于MLV的HCV伪病毒的HIV感染参与者中检测到非特异性抑制.
- 整合酶抑制剂,特别是杜洛特格拉维尔,干扰中和试验,导致错误的高结果;通过隔离IgG来消除这种干扰.
结论:
- 基于逆转录病毒伪型的病毒中和试验不适合接受整合酶抑制剂治疗的个人.
- 由于检测干扰,先前对艾滋病毒流行群体的保护性免疫的估计可能被高估.
- 需要使用替代测定方法或调整来准确评估服用整合酶抑制剂的患者的病毒免疫力.
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