声音里面有什么? 在西班牙语-英语双语者中,大脑活性和功能连接的常见和语言特异模式,用于语音意识
Nia Nickerson1, Xin Sun2, Valeria Caruso1
1University of Michigan.
概括
双语儿童在西班牙语和英语两种语言的语音意识上表现出常见的大脑激活. 然而,大脑网络的参与不同,时间网络用于西班牙语,前线网络用于英语.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 语音意识对于阅读学习至关重要,它将语言的声音与字母联系起来.
- 双语理论表明,语音意识是跨语言的共同技能,但语言特定的表征也在发展.
- 了解语音意识中的双语处理是解释双语识字发展的关键.
研究的目的:
- 研究共同的和特定于语言的神经过程,这些过程是双语儿童声学意识的基础.
- 在西班牙语和英语语音匹配任务中检查大脑激活模式.
主要方法:
- 60名西班牙语-英语双语遗产语言使用者 (平均年龄8.2岁) 参与.
- 参与者在西班牙语和英语中完成了一项语音匹配任务.
- 功能近红外神经成像 (fNIRS) 用于测量大脑活动.
主要成果:
- 在两种语言中都观察到常见的左边perisylvian激活,表明共享的神经资源.
- 发现了特定语言的调制:时间网络对西班牙语更有吸引力,而正面网络对英语更有吸引力.
- 在左边的里西尔维亚区域内的功能联系在两种语言中都显示出相似之处.
结论:
- 双语语音意识依赖于共同和独特的神经机制.
- 时间和前线网络的不同参与可能反映出不同的语言暴露和处理需求 (例如,英语分析阅读与西班牙语的非正式家庭使用).
- 这些发现有助于理解双语个体识字的神经认知基础.
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