早期引用影响的特征和信号:一项超级研究研究
1Departments of Medicine and of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine; and Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America.
PloS one
|August 6, 2025
概括
一些科学家很快就实现了顶级引用影响,定义为早期 (≤8年) 或超早期 (≤5年) 影响. 分析显示,超早熟的作者存在一些令人担忧的模式,这表明了潜在的研究不当行为.
科学领域:
- 图书识别和科学识别技术
- 研究完整性和研究评估.
背景情况:
- 识别具有快速引用影响的科学家对于理解职业发展轨迹至关重要.
- 在研究评估中,区分真正的科学卓越与潜在的不当行为是一个持续的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 评估科学家的个人资料和特征,实现"早熟" (≤8年) 和"超早熟" (≤5年) 的引用影响.
- 在快速涌现的顶级引用作者中识别潜在的操纵或欺诈行为指标.
主要方法:
- 对Scopus数据 (2017-2023) 的分析,以根据174个子领域的复合引用指标识别最多引用的作者.
- 深入评估经过验证的超早熟的科学家,使用特定的指标,包括自我引用,出版行为和引用编排.
- 对以前实现过早引用影响的撤回作者进行检查.
主要成果:
- 从2017年到2023年,每年观察到早期和超早期引用影响概况的显著增加.
- 超早熟的作者与较不发达国家有较高的关联,集中在高风险领域,并表现出极端的出版和引用行为.
- 这些作者经常严重依赖自我引用,并显示出引用率高于自己的论文,许多人有撤回.
结论:
- 虽然一些快速兴起的科学家表现出真正的卓越,但部分科学家表现出潜在的研究不当行为或数据操纵的特征.
- 这些发现强调了需要精细的评估指标来区分真正的科学成就和伪造的影响.
- 这项研究强调了警在维护科学文献完整性的重要性.
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