在现代和考古学上的山羊乳中,性别鉴定和物种确认
Paula Kotli1, David Morgenstern2, Shifra Ben-Dor3
1Scientific Archaeology and D-REAMS Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, 760001 Rehovot, Israel.
Journal of proteome research
|August 6, 2025
概括
蛋白质组学成功地使用牙面膜蛋白在绵羊和山羊中确定了物种和性别. 这种新的方法准确地确定了古老样本中的性别,并区分了绵羊和山羊物种.
科学领域:
- 古蛋白质组学是古蛋白质组学.
- 动物园 考古学
- 生物分子分析.
背景情况:
- 区分羊和山羊的遗骸是具有挑战性的,因为形态相似之处.
- 蛋白质组学为生物样本中的物种和性别识别提供了一个强大的工具.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一种新的蛋白质组学方法,用于在山羊 (绵羊和山羊) 中确定物种和性别.
- 将这种方法应用于用于动物园考古分析的古老乳液样本.
主要方法:
- 从牙面膜中提取和分析杏仁素 (Amel) 和面膜蛋白 (Enam).
- 针对性平行反应监测 (PRM) 试验用于检测.
- 在现代绵羊 (Ovis aries) 和山羊 (Capra hircus) 上进行验证,然后应用于新石器时期的样本.
主要成果:
- 氨基原蛋白 (Amel) 分化了性别 (男性的AmelY,男性的AmelX).
- 单氨基酸变异 (SAAVs) 的enamelin (Enam) 可以区分羊和山羊物种.
- 对10个新石器时代样本的分析显示,男性的比例为40%,只发现山羊的遗骸.
结论:
- 开发的蛋白质组学方法对现代和古代羊的性别和物种识别是有效的.
- 这种技术验证了先前的动物园考古发现,并扩大了蛋白质组学对历史样本的应用.
- 在古老的面膜中保存可以进行强大的生物分子分析.
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