肠道微生物群调节运动诱导的认知功能的hormetic调节
Elisa Cintado1, Pablo Muela1, Lucía Martín-Rodríguez2
1Department Translational Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Madrid, Spain; PhD Program in Neuroscience, Autónoma de Madrid University-Cajal Institute, 28002, Spain.
EBioMedicine
|August 6, 2025
概括
运动通过肠道微生物群有益于认知和大脑健康. 适度的运动可以增强记忆力和神经发生,但过度的运动会减少这些效应,通过肠道细菌进行介导.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 生活方式因素,特别是体育炼,通过hormesis影响大脑结构和认知功能.
- 人们越来越认识到肠道微生物群是这些生活方式引起的大脑变化的关键调节器.
- 关联运动强度/持续时间与大脑适应的机制在很大程度上仍未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查肠道微生物群在调解运动对认知功能和神经生成的抑制作用中的作用.
- 为了确定与运动诱导的认知益处相关的特定肠道细菌.
- 通过便微生物群移植来探索因果关系.
主要方法:
- 在成年动物中使用了40分钟,1200厘米/分钟的运动方案.
- 通过对象识别和位置记忆测试来评估认知功能.
- 分析了肠道微生物群的组成,并从炼过的小鼠进行了便微生物群移植.
主要成果:
- 适度运动增强了认知能力和海马神经发生,效果随着强度/持续时间的增加而消失.
- 观察到肠道微生物群多样性和组成的显著变化,与运动方案相关.
- 特定的细菌家族 (例如,Angelakisella,乙化因子) 与认知表现相关.
- 从炼过的小鼠移植到久坐的小鼠,复制了认知和神经性增强.
结论:
- 身体炼对认知和神经发生的抑制作用是由肠道微生物群的改变介导的.
- 这项研究揭示了运动,肠道微生物群和大脑功能之间的新型机械联系.
- 准肠道微生物群可能为优化运动对大脑健康的益处提供新的策略.
相关概念视频
01:20Exercise and Cardiovascular Response
1.1K
Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
1.1K
01:05Physiology of Enteric Nervous System and Gut Health
419
The gastrointestinal tract, responsible for the digestion and absorption of nutrients, is safeguarded by the intestinal barrier, which consists of secretory, physical, and immune components. At the forefront is the secretory barrier, composed of essential elements such as mucus, gut microbiota, and defense proteins. They collaborate to break down food particles, facilitate nutrient absorption, and maintain optimal gut health. These secretory components ensure the smooth functioning of the...
419
01:23Anatomy of the Intestines
74.0K
Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
74.0K
01:29Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine
646
The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
646
01:27Exercise and Muscle Performance
1.6K
Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
1.6K
01:17Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction
388
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
388