在儿科医学中使用人工智能辅助的同意:使用大型语言模型支持决策的伦理含义
Jemima Winifred Allen1,2, Brian David Earp3, Dominic Wilkinson4,2,3,5,6
1Department of Paediatrics, Monash University Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Journal of medical ethics
|August 6, 2025
概括
大型语言模型 (LLM) 可以通过为儿童提供量身定制的解释来帮助儿科知情同意. 然而,关于自主权和潜在影响力的伦理考虑需要与人类判断一起仔细实施.
科学领域:
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 儿科医疗保健 儿科医疗保健
- 人工智能应用程序 人工智能应用程序
背景情况:
- 儿科的知情同意在伦理上是复杂的,因为儿童的自主权不同.
- 传统的决策很大程度上依赖于父母,但孩子不断发展的能力需要他们的参与.
- 在复杂的医疗状况下,为未成年人提供有意义的同意或同意仍然是一个挑战.
研究的目的:
- 检查使用大语言模型 (LLM) 在儿科知情同意中的伦理影响.
- 探索LLM如何支持儿童的自主性和帮助决策过程.
- 解决有关LLM对家庭提供者动态的潜在影响和影响的担忧.
主要方法:
- 在儿科同意的LLM整合的伦理分析.
- 探索LLM的能力,以提供适合年龄的医疗信息.
- 讨论与临床环境中LLM使用相关的潜在好处和风险.
主要成果:
- 法律学士可以提供交互式,适合年龄的医学信息解释,以提高理解力.
- 法律法师的潜力是赋予孩子权力,调解争端,支持父母.
- 人们担心LLM能够充分支持发展自主性,避免过度影响的能力.
结论:
- 临床医疗法在改善儿科同意流程方面表现有前途,并提供适当的保障.
- 谨慎的实施是必不可少的,将LLMs作为人类互动的补充,而不是替代品.
- 共感,判断和信任仍然是儿科同意的关键要素,LLM无法取代.
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