加纳传染性脑膜炎的流行病学:系统性审查和元分析
Samuel A Akwetey1,2, Abdul-Halim Osman1, Fleischer C N Kotey1
1Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana.
BMC public health
|August 7, 2025
概括
加纳脑膜炎的患病率为18.13%,北部地区的患病率更高. 病例死亡率有所下降,而 ceftriaxone 仍然是细菌性脑膜炎的有效治疗方法.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 脑膜炎在位于非洲脑膜炎带的加纳构成重大威胁.
- 加纳现有的脑膜炎研究缺乏全面的系统审查,以指导公共卫生干预.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查加纳脑膜炎的流行病学.
- 描述加纳脑膜炎的流行,病因和抗菌素耐药性模式.
主要方法:
- 根据PRISMA指南,对PubMed和Scopus数据库 (1975-2023) 的系统审查.
- 进行元分析以确定脑膜炎的综合流行率.
- 包括具有主要发现的同行评审文章和至少10个样本的大小.
主要成果:
- 脑膜炎的总体患病率为18.13%,在爆发期间 (23.91%) 和非爆发期间 (16.22%) 的比率更高.
- 病例死亡率从20%-47% (1998-2015年) 降至0.82%-28.6% (2016-2021年) 的情况下降.
- 主要的病原体包括肺炎性链球菌,脑膜炎菌和流感性血球菌;所有分离物都对 ceftriaxone 敏感.
结论:
- 脑膜炎的分布在加纳不均,北部地区的患病率更高.
- 减少病例死亡率可能与疫苗接种努力有关.
- 持续监测和病原体血型鉴定对于为疫苗接种政策提供信息至关重要.
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