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哥伦比亚血库中核酸检测 (2018-2024):实施,产量估计和对更安全的输血政策的影响

María-Isabel Bermúdez-Forero¹, Michel-Andrés García-Otálora²

¹Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Coordinación Red Nacional Bancos de Sangre y Servicios de Transfusión, Bogotá, Colombia.

|August 7, 2025

概括

在哥伦比亚的血液库中,核酸检测 (NAT) 发现了标准查遗漏的感染. 加快NAT的采用对于预防输血传播的感染和确保血液安全至关重要.

科学领域:

输血医学输血医学
传染病查传染病查
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

哥伦比亚每年检查超过100万次献血,检查艾滋病毒,HBV,HCV,HTLV,T. cruzi和T. pallidum.
目前的查依赖于化学发光和ELISA,核酸检测 (NAT) 尚未强制性.
在血液银行中评估了对HIV,HBV和HCV的NAT自愿实施.

研究的目的:

评估哥伦比亚血液银行对HIV,HBV和HCV的自愿核酸检测 (NAT) 实施的进展和影响.
为了识别传统查方法遗漏的感染单位.

主要方法:

来自国家血液监测信息系统 (2018年1月至2024年12月) 的数据分析.
包括从传统方法 (化学发光,ELISA) 和自愿采用的NAT收集的总献血和查结果.
专注于实施NAT治疗HIV,HBV和HCV的血液银行.

主要成果:

收集了超过640万个血液单位,其中6.9%通过NAT进行了查.
NAT确定了10种感染 (4例HIV,3例HBV,3例HCV) 被传统的血清学技术 (免疫窗口) 遗漏.
估计有135个额外的传染单位和至少83个接受者感染的预防与普遍的NAT实施.

结论:

哥伦比亚的自愿NAT实施显示了超越传统方法的大量传染病检测.
由于血清查的局限性,未被检测到的感染对接受者构成风险.
迫切需要加快NAT的采用,并考虑在全国范围内强制实施以提高血液供应安全.

关键词:

这就是HBV HBV.在HCV病毒感染的过程中,艾滋病病毒艾滋病病毒艾滋病病毒在 NATAT NAT 中使用.血清监测血清监测血清监测

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