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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
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Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
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Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
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Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
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Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
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Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

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The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
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危急病患儿童血流感染的危险因素:格拉姆阴性优势和复杂的慢性疾病.

Vanessa Vicenzi1, Ian Teixeira E Sousa1, Jefferson Pedro Piva2

  • 1Postgraduate Program in Child and Adolescent Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

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在儿科重症监护室 (PICU) 的医院获得的血液感染 (BSI) 是常见的. 阴性细菌是最常见的原因,与瘤血液病相关,而导管使用预测了真菌感染.

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科学领域:

  • 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
  • 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
  • 儿科 儿科 儿科

背景情况:

  • 血流感染 (BSI) 是儿科重症监护室 (PICU) 死亡的主要原因.
  • 确定医院获得的BSI (HA-BSI) 的特定风险因素对于改善患者的治疗结果至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 确定与巴西PICU中HA-BSI病因学相关的风险因素.
  • 确定患有HA-BSI的儿童的结局和死亡预测因素.

主要方法:

  • 从2018年至2021年对422种具有病原性生长的血液培养进行了回顾性分析.
  • 收集的数据包括潜在的疾病,中央静脉导管的使用和PICU停留时间.
  • 使用后勤回归来评估BSI病因和死亡率之间的关联.

主要成果:

  • 格拉姆阴性细菌 (43.2%) 主导,其次是格拉姆阳性细菌 (41.2%) 和真菌 (15.5%).
  • 在26.5%的格拉姆阴性分离物中发现了对卡巴因的耐药性;耐甲基黄金葡萄球菌的耐药性为S. aureus的40.0%.
  • 真菌感染与导管使用密切相关 (OR 9.0,p=0.039). 与老年和瘤血液病相关的格兰阴性感染.
  • 总死亡率为24.3%;血管活性药物使用是唯一独立的死亡率预测因子 (RR 3.2,p=0.004).

结论:

  • 格拉姆阴性细菌是PICU人群中BSI的主要原因,特别是在患有瘤血液病的儿童中.
  • 菌的BSI与中央静脉导管使用有显著的关联.
  • 了解这些风险因素可以指导临重病儿童的经验治疗策略.