2023-2024年美国成年人COVID-19疫苗接种的成本效益
Lisa A Prosser1,2, Megan Wallace3, Angela M Rose2
1Department of Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
JAMA network open
|August 7, 2025
概括
2023-2024年COVID-19 mRNA疫苗对老年人具有成本效益,为65岁及以上的人节省成本. 针对年轻人的疫苗接种显示出基于特定因素的不同经济优势.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- COVID-19疫苗接种计划的经济效益需要评估,以告知政策决策.
- 评估更新的COVID-19疫苗的成本效益对于公共卫生建议至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定2023-2024年COVID-19 mRNA疫苗的成本效益,与18岁及以上的成年人没有更新的疫苗接种相比.
- 分析不同成年年龄层 (18-49岁,50-64岁,≥65岁) 的疫苗接种成本效益.
主要方法:
- 一项使用模拟模型进行决策分析建模研究,用于比较接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的假设成年人队列.
- 参数来源于代表美国成年人口的初级和公布数据.
- 分析包括1年的时间框架和额外的疫苗剂量的第二阶段评估.
主要成果:
- 疫苗接种避免了所有年龄组的重大病例,住院,ICU住院和死亡.
- 18-49岁的人的成本效益比为115,588美元/QALY,50-64岁的人为25,787美元/QALY.
- 对于65岁及以上的成年人来说,接种疫苗是节省成本的;对于这个群体来说,额外剂量仅在高风险情景中是有利的.
结论:
- 根据年龄,COVID-19疫苗接种的经济优势有所不同,年龄较大的群体显示出强的结果.
- 年轻成年人的结果对参数输入敏感,突出显示需要持续评估.
- 这些发现为2023-2024年COVID-19 mRNA疫苗的免疫实践咨询委员会建议提供了信息.
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