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Quality of Water

Quality of Water

In concrete preparation, the quality of water is paramount as it affects the strength and durability of the concrete. Potable water is usually preferred; however, it must not have excessive sodium or potassium to prevent compromising the concrete's integrity. Water quality is typically evaluated based on impurities such as dissolved solids, chlorides, and sulfates, and its pH value is ideally between 6 and 8. Even slightly acidic natural water may be acceptable unless it contains harmful...

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相关实验视频

Updated: Sep 12, 2025

Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow

Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow

Published on: April 18, 2019

美国农村井水中的PFAS:利用参与式科学识别和传达结果以解决风险

Erica Wood¹, Riley E Mulhern¹, Jacqueline MacDonald Gibson²

¹RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States.

Environmental science & technology

|August 7, 2025

概括

和多基基物质 (PFAS) 污染私人井,在已知的来源附近的水平更高. 许多井使用者在被建议时安装过器,表明对水质信息的反应.

关键词:

在PFAS中,我们可以使用PFAS.数据报告-回报饮用水饮用水饮用水环境健康环境健康私人井私人井是一个私人井.风险沟通风险沟通是什么空间回归是一种空间回归.

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Last Updated: Sep 12, 2025

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科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
公共卫生公共卫生
分析水质分析水质

背景情况:

饮用水是暴露在per-和多基物质 (PFAS) 的重要来源.
关于私人水井中PFAS污染的数据有限,这些水井为美国人口的很大一部分提供服务.
了解私人井中的PFAS存在和来源对于公共卫生风险评估至关重要.

研究的目的:

评估25个PFAS在美国四个州的私人井中的流行率和度.
调查接近潜在的PFAS来源和井水污染之间的关系.
评估私人井使用者对收到PFAS水质信息和建议的反应.

主要方法:

收集和分析来自271个私人井使用者25个PFAS的自来水样本.
利用EPA的PFAS分析工具和公共数据库来确定潜在的PFAS来源.
采用空间回归模型,将家庭对水源的近距离与水质数据相关联.

主要成果:

在15%的井口中检测到PFAS,甚至在没有已知的来源的地区,其中一些超出了卫生指南.
在位于已知的PFAS来源附近的井中,污染水平明显更高 (53-88%).
靠近生产设施,超级基金场所,泄漏场所和联邦设施的水井显示了更高的PFAS总度.

结论:

私人井 PFAS 污染的地理变化受到工业和联邦设施的邻近的影响.
私人井使用者可能会采取行动,例如安装水过器,当被告知污染超过卫生指南时.
这项研究强调了监测私人井的重要性,并向用户提供有关潜在风险和缓解策略的信息.