转变药物和疫苗的交付,以实现全球卫生中的公平获取
Xin Yang1, Linzixuan Zhang2, Kaloyan Staykov1
1David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications
|August 7, 2025
概括
创新的药物和疫苗输送系统对于全球健康公平至关重要. 新兴技术提供了热稳定性,自我管理,降低了冷链需求,改善了低资源环境中的访问.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 制药技术 制药技术 制药技术
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
背景情况:
- 公平获得药物和疫苗是一个重大的全球卫生挑战,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs).
- 由于基础设施,成本和供应链的限制,传统的药物和疫苗输送方法在资源有限的环境中面临限制,包括依赖冷链物流和多剂量方案.
- 这些障碍阻碍了基本疗法的有效分配,并限制了全球健康公平.
研究的目的:
- 审查新兴的药物和疫苗输送技术,这些技术可以克服LMICs中现有的进入障碍.
- 突出提供平台在低资源环境中可行的关键设计要求.
- 讨论这些创新如何促进全球健康公平,改善医疗保健系统.
主要方法:
- 关于新兴药物和疫苗输送技术的文献综述.
- 对适用于低资源环境的平台的设计要求进行分析.
- 讨论有前途的技术及其对全球健康的潜在影响.
主要成果:
- 新兴技术如控制释放系统,微针贴片和干燥配方 (冷化,喷雾干燥) 提供热稳定性和减少冷链依赖性.
- 口服/可食用疫苗和数字工具 (智能包装,可摄入传感器) 提供非侵入性途径,并改善坚持/远程护理.
- 在监管批准,大规模制造和最终用户采用方面仍然存在挑战,尽管潜力很大.
结论:
- 下一代药物和疫苗输送技术对于实现全球卫生公平至关重要.
- 通过全球性举措应对挑战,并将技术进步与社区需求相协调,对于包容性和可持续的医疗保健至关重要.
- 这些创新为克服分销障碍并确保更广泛地获得必需药物和疫苗铺平了道路.
相关概念视频
01:29Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics
337
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
337
01:16Drug Delivery: Overview
423
The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
423
01:26Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
3.5K
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
3.5K
01:22Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes
468
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection, and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
468
01:18Drug Delivery: Enteral Route
719
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
719
01:29Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route
834
The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
834