尼古丁胺酸基转移酶在NAD代谢中的作用:生理和病理生理学影响
Weijia Zhang1, Haoyu Ren1, Wangwang Chen2
1The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
Cell death discovery
|August 7, 2025
概括
尼古丁胺胺二核酸 (NAD+) 合成是由尼古丁胺酸基转移酶 (NAMPT) 调节的. 这次审查探讨了NAMPT.
科学领域:
- 生物化学和分子生物学
- 细胞的新陈代谢
- 衰老和疾病研究研究
背景情况:
- 尼古丁胺胺氨基二核酸 (NAD+) 是细胞代谢和能量恒温的重要辅酶.
- 尼古丁胺胺酸基转移酶 (NAMPT) 是NAD+生物合成中的速度限制酶,对于维持细胞NAD+水平至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查NAMPT在生理和病理条件中的多方面的作用.
- 为了检查NAMPT在细胞压力,衰老,代谢障碍和癌症中的参与.
- 讨论针对NAMPT和NAD+代谢的治疗潜力.
主要方法:
- 文献综述总结了关于NAMPT功能和监管的现有研究.
- 分析NAMPT在NAD+合成途径和细胞代谢适应中的作用.
- 检查NAMPT对衰老,疾病和癌症免疫力的病理影响.
主要成果:
- 纳姆普特关键控制NAD+水平,影响细胞功能和代谢适应.
- 对NAMPT和NAD+的失调有助于衰老的表型,包括线粒体功能障碍和DNA损伤.
- 通过调节瘤微环境和免疫细胞功能,NAMPT在癌症免疫逃避中发挥着重要作用.
结论:
- NAMPT是NAD+代谢的关键调节者,对衰老和疾病有重大影响.
- 通过NAD+前体补充或特定调节剂向NAMPT提供了对代谢疾病和癌症的治疗潜力.
- 对组织特异性NAMPT功能的进一步研究是有必要的,以优化治疗策略.
相关概念视频
Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids
176
Nucleic acid biosynthesis is a fundamental biochemical process that produces the purine and pyrimidine nucleotides essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. This pathway maintains a balanced nucleotide pool, preventing imbalances that could jeopardize genetic integrity and cellular function. Given the crucial role of nucleotides, their synthesis is tightly regulated to ensure proper cellular homeostasis.Purine BiosynthesisThe biosynthesis of purine nucleotides begins with ribose-5-phosphate, a...
176
Role of Reduced Coenzymes NADH and FADH₂
12.5K
The energy released from the breakdown of the chemical bonds within nutrients can be stored either through the reduction of electron carriers or in the bonds of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In living systems, a small class of compounds functions as mobile electron carriers, molecules that bind to and shuttle high-energy electrons between compounds in pathways. The principal electron carriers that will be considered originate from the B vitamin group and are derivatives of nucleotides; they are...
12.5K
Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Molecules
7.6K
Energy production within a cell involves many coordinated chemical pathways. Most of these pathways are combinations of oxidation and reduction reactions, which occur at the same time. An oxidation reaction strips an electron from an atom in a compound, and the addition of this electron to another compound is a reduction reaction. Because oxidation and reduction usually occur together, these pairs of reactions are called redox reactions.
The removal of an electron from a molecule, results in a...
The removal of an electron from a molecule, results in a...
7.6K
Redox Reactions
189
Redox reactions are vital biochemical processes that underpin energy metabolism in cells. These reactions involve the transfer of electrons between molecules, occurring in tandem as oxidation and reduction. Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons, while reduction denotes their gain. This coupling ensures the seamless flow of electrons through metabolic pathways. For example, in bacterial metabolism, glucose undergoes oxidation to carbon dioxide, while oxygen is simultaneously reduced to...
189
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II
15.0K
The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
15.0K
Electron Carriers
85.9K
Electron carriers can be thought of as electron shuttles. These compounds can easily accept electrons (i.e., be reduced) or lose them (i.e., be oxidized). They play an essential role in energy production because cellular respiration is contingent on the flow of electrons.
Over the many stages of cellular respiration, glucose breaks down into carbon dioxide and water. Electron carriers pick up electrons lost by glucose in these reactions, temporarily storing and releasing them into the electron...
Over the many stages of cellular respiration, glucose breaks down into carbon dioxide and water. Electron carriers pick up electrons lost by glucose in these reactions, temporarily storing and releasing them into the electron...
85.9K


