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相关概念视频

Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description01:30

Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description

298
The pleura is a vital part of the respiratory system. It's a double-layered membrane surrounding the lungs and lining the chest cavity. The two layers of the pleura are:
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Pleura of the Lungs01:13

Pleura of the Lungs

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The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...
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Pleural Effusion I: Introduction01:25

Pleural Effusion I: Introduction

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Pleural effusion is an abnormal fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity, a narrow space between the lungs and the chest wall. It is not a disease per se but rather a symptom or indication of an underlying disease. In normal circumstances, this space contains a small amount of fluid (5 to 15 mL), a lubricant facilitating the non-frictional movement of the pleural surfaces.
There are two main types of pleural effusion: transudative and exudative. They are differentiated using Light's...
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Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management01:28

Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management

269
Pleural Effusion Overview
A pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura layers of tissue that form the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. It can occur independently or due to surrounding parenchymal diseases, such as infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions.
Clinical Manifestations:
269
Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

364
Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

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A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
344

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Implantation and Monitoring by PET/CT of an Orthotopic Model of Human Pleural Mesothelioma in Athymic Mice
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胸腔半叶瘤 (Pleural mesothelioma) 是一种多发性半叶瘤 (Pleural mesothelioma).

Dean A Fennell1,2, Yoshitaka Sekido3, Paul Baas4,5

  • 1University of Leicester, Leicester, UK. df132@leicester.ac.uk.

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此摘要是机器生成的。

与石暴露有关的癌症 - - 中皮瘤 - - 通过各种方法进行诊断,并根据组织学分类. 免疫检查点抑制剂现在是治疗的领导者,比化疗改善了治疗结果.

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科学领域:

  • 在瘤学瘤学.
  • 环境健康 环境健康

背景情况:

  • 间皮瘤是一种罕见但有攻击性的癌症,主要是由接触石棉引起的.
  • 它的发病率在全球范围内随着石棉的使用而上升,并且与慢性炎症和DNA损伤有关.
  • 关键的遗传改变涉及瘤抑制基因,如BAP1,CDKN2A和TP53.

研究的目的:

  • 提供有关间皮瘤的全面概述,包括其原因,诊断,亚型和当前的治疗策略.
  • 突出一线治疗从化疗转向免疫检查点抑制剂的转变.

主要方法:

  • 审查现有的文学介质细胞瘤流行病学,发病,诊断和治疗.
  • 诊断工具的分析,包括成像,细胞学,组织学和免疫组织化学.
  • 对遗传倾向和瘤抑制剂改变的检查.

主要成果:

  • 间皮瘤呈现出呼吸障碍和疲劳等症状,通常是由于膜溢出.
  • 组织学亚型 (表皮性,双相性,性) 与预后相关.
  • 免疫检查点抑制剂 (PD1,CTLA4) 显示出比传统化疗更好的疗效.

结论:

  • 间皮瘤的诊断依赖于综合的临床,成像和病理发现.
  • 新兴的免疫疗法代表了美索瘤治疗的重大进展.
  • 需要进一步的研究来澄清手术和放射治疗的作用.