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南极东部冰芯记录显示,自1985年以来,人为铜排放量急剧增加
E M Gayathri1,2, C M Laluraj3, Waliur Rahaman1
1National Centre for Polar & Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Vasco Da Gama, Goa, India.
Environmental monitoring and assessment
|August 8, 2025
概括
南极冰芯显示,自1943年以来,铜 (Cu) 沉积量显著增加,与增加的采矿和大气运输有关. 铜污染的增加可能会威胁到南洋植物浮游生物和初级生产力.
科学领域:
- 古气候学和大气化学
- 在极地冰芯中微量金属分析.
- 南大洋生物地化学循环 南大洋生物地化学循环
背景情况:
- 南极冰芯提供了对过去大气组成的关键见解,超越了仪器记录.
- 像铜 (Cu) 这样的微金属作为大气污染和运输的指标.
- 了解历史沉积模式对于评估当前环境影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析过去200年 (1809-2012) 东南极洲铜 (Cu) 沉积的历史记录.
- 为了确定沿海Dronning Maud Land (cDML) 地区铜流变化的趋势和驱动因素.
- 调查气候模式和人类活动对铜沉积的影响.
主要方法:
- 东南极洲沿海Dronning Maud陆地的200年冰芯记录的分析.
- 量化铜 (Cu) 和 (Sb) 的度和流量.
- 统计分析以确定趋势,相关性和气候振荡的影响 (ENSO,SAM).
主要成果:
- 观察到Cu流的两相变化:稳定时期 (1809-1942) 与ENSO的影响,随后从1943年开始呈指数增长.
- 1985年后,沉积量翻了一番,这归因于智利矿产生产增加了42倍,并且通过积极的SAM阶段加强了大气传输.
- (Sb) 的可比趋势支持采矿作为来源;风力强化与峰值Cu沉积年相相关.
结论:
- 在东南极洲增加的铜沉积是由扩大采矿活动和有利的大气循环模式驱动的.
- 气候模式,如南方年度模式 (SAM) 和厄尔尼诺南方振荡 (ENSO) 显著控制Cu沉积变化.
- 由于毒性,铜水平的上升对南大洋植物浮游生物的生产力构成潜在的长期风险.
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