在结构和语义中,EHR的多模式融合:将临床记录和笔记与超图和LLM集成在一起
Hejie Cui1, Xinyu Fang2, Ran Xu2
1Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University.
Studies in health technology and informatics
|August 8, 2025
概括
本研究介绍了MINGLE,这是一个新的框架,用于整合结构化和非结构化的电子健康记录 (EHR). MINGLE 增强了多式联接,以改善患者健康预测.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
- 数据科学数据科学数据科学
背景情况:
- 电子健康记录 (EHR) 包含异质数据,包括结构化 (表格) 和非结构化 (文本注释) 信息.
- 整合不同类型的EHR数据 (多模式融合) 对于全面的患者健康概述至关重要,但由于数据的复杂性和噪音,仍未得到充分探索.
- 现有的研究主要侧重于结构化EHR数据表示,忽视了多式联运数据集成的协同作用潜力.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个新的框架,MINGLE,用于有效的结构化和非结构化电子健康数据的多式联络融合.
- 为了应对复杂的医疗编码系统和噪音大的临床笔记在EHR数据集成中的挑战.
- 增强患者访问代表的生成,以改善下游预测任务.
主要方法:
- 提出了一种两级注入策略,将医学概念语义和临床笔记语义结合起来.
- 利用超图神经网络来学习EHR中不同数据类型之间的复杂相互作用.
- 开发了MINGLE框架,用于整合来自EHR的结构和语义信息.
主要成果:
- 在预测性能方面,MINGLE显著改善,在两个EHR数据集 (MIMIC-III和CRADLE) 上相对提高了11.83%.
- 该框架有效地实现了结构和文本EHR数据的语义集成和多模式融合.
- 通过捕捉复杂的数据之间的关系,生成了强大的患者访问表示.
结论:
- MINGLE提供了一种有效的解决方案,用于EHR数据的多模式融合,整合了结构和语义.
- 拟议的框架增强了EHR在临床决策和医疗保健应用中的实用性.
- 未来的工作可以探索语义集成和超图形网络架构的进一步改进,以进行EHR分析.
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