彻底改变灾害管理:对无人机技术和信息学在人道主义应对中的广泛审查
Aya El-Sakka1, Arab Osman1, Mowafa Househ1
1Hamad Bin Khalifa University.
Studies in health technology and informatics
|August 8, 2025
概括
无人驾驶飞行器 (UAV) 增强了人道主义援助和灾难响应,提供了灵活性和成本效益. 技术限制和法规等挑战需要解决,以实现更广泛的采用.
科学领域:
- 人道主义物流 人道主义物流
- 灾害管理 灾害管理
- 无人驾驶飞行器 (UAV) 技术
背景情况:
- 无人驾驶飞行器 (UAV) 在人道主义行动中越来越重要.
- 应用范围包括灾难救援,医疗物流和在困难地形中提供援助.
- 之前的研究表明有很大的潜力,但也突出了采用障碍.
研究的目的:
- 在人道主义背景下对无人机应用进行范围审查.
- 确定在人道主义行动中采用无人机的优势,局限性和障碍.
- 为未来将无人机技术整合到灾害管理中的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在主要的学术数据库 (谷歌学者,Scopus,PubMed,IEEE) 进行系统的文献搜索.
- 选了1075个已识别的记录,以选择20个相关研究.
- 对选定的研究进行定性分析,重点关注无人机的好处,缺点和实施挑战.
主要成果:
- 无人机在应急响应,物流和灾后监测方面表现出有效性,减少了交付时间和提供关键数据.
- 大多数研究 (80%) 专注于自然灾害,在冲突地区和卫生危机中新兴应用.
- 关键的好处包括灵活性,成本效益,快速响应和不断增长的可持续性优势.
结论:
- 无人机为人道主义物流和灾害管理提供了显著的优势.
- 技术,组织,监管和道德方面的挑战阻碍了广泛采用.
- 协调的法规,投资和合作对于最大限度地发挥无人机在人道主义工作中的潜力至关重要.
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