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细菌的施拉芬斯介导抗菌体防御

Veronica Perez Taboada¹, Yimo Wu¹, Riley Cassidy¹

¹Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

|August 8, 2025

概括

Prokaryotic Schlafen核酶 (pSlfns) 是一种古老的抗病毒蛋白质,通过分裂tRNA保护细菌免受菌体的侵害. 这种古老的tRNA向免疫揭示了人类抗病毒防御机制的深层进化起源.

科学领域:

分子生物学分子生物学
免疫学免疫学免疫学
微生物学微生物学

背景情况:

众所周知,人类的Schlafen蛋白通过分裂转移RNA (tRNA) 来限制病毒复制,从而抑制蛋白质合成.
施莱芬蛋白质的核糖酶域在所有生命领域都存在,但其在原核生物中的功能以前是未知的.

研究的目的:

研究 prokaryotic Schlafen核酶 (pSlfns) 在细菌中作为抗病毒效应物的功能.
描述一种与免疫球蛋白类似的传感器域融合的特定PSIFNS系统的作用机制.

主要方法:

研究了pslfns在抗菌感染的细菌防御中的作用.
专注于一个与免疫球蛋白类似的传感器域融合的PSIfns系统.
鉴定了菌体尾部组合的陪伴者作为传感器域识别的目标.

主要成果:

Prokaryotic Schlafen核酶 (pSlfns) 广泛存在,并在细菌中起到抗病毒作用的作用.
研究的pSlfns系统识别了T5类菌体尾部组装的护送者.
pSlfns可以分裂细菌和病毒tRNA,从而导致流产性感染.

结论:

施莱芬核酶代表着一个古老而保存的免疫效应因子家族.
这些发现揭示了针对tRNA的抗病毒免疫的深层进化起源,将原生生物和人类系统联系起来.
这项研究重新定义了Schlafens作为细菌和人类先天免疫力的关键组成部分的作用.

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