根据种族,种族,支付人,健康状况和美国州的处方药使用和支出
Maitreyi Sahu1,2, Tyler D Wagner3, Azalea Thomson2
1Department of Health Metrics Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle.
JAMA health forum
|August 8, 2025
概括
美国处方药的使用和支出仍然存在种族差异,黑人人口相对于疾病负担显示使用不足. 这些模式突显出需要国家和特定条件的战略来实现药物公平.
科学领域:
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 制药政策 制药政策
- 卫生公平研究 卫生公平研究
背景情况:
- 公平获取药物对公共卫生至关重要.
- 了解药品使用和支出中的种族和民族差异对于解决美国的健康差异至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化美国不同种族和种族群体处方药使用和支出的变化.
- 分析这些变化根据健康状况,付款人和状态.
主要方法:
- 一项横截面研究扩展了美国疾病支出项目.
- 在州级零售处方药使用和消费方面,按种族和种族进行了综合分类.
- 利用达斯古普塔分解来分析导致支出差异的因素.
主要成果:
- 2019年,与全人口平均水平相比,黑人人口的年龄标准化药品使用量和每位患有特定疾病的人均支出明显较低.
- 西班牙裔人口的利用率和支出接近平均水平,而亚洲或太平洋岛民和白人人口的使用率往往更高.
- 不平等主要是由黑人人口的疾病患病率和西班牙裔人口的患病率所驱动的,而药物价格的贡献较小.
结论:
- 药物使用的种族和种族差异是显而易见的,特别是与疾病负担相比,黑人人口的药物使用不足.
- 这些差异在各州之间有很大差异,这表明需要局部和特定条件的干预措施.
- 解决这些模式对于在美国推进药品公平至关重要.
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