免疫抑制可变地影响COVID-19住院患者的结果:一项回顾性队列研究
Vijeeth Guggilla1,2, Jennifer A Pacheco3, Alexandre M Carvalho2
1Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
PloS one
|August 8, 2025
概括
患有免疫抑制的住院患者面临更糟糕的COVID-19结果,包括更高的死亡率和ICU入院. 实体器官移植接受者经历了最严重的结果,突出了针对性干预的需要.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
背景情况:
- 患有免疫抑制的成年人患重症COVID-19的风险增加.
- 关于住院免疫抑制个体的特定结果的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较COVID-19患者的住院结果,有和没有免疫抑制.
- 为了确定免疫抑制子组内特定的风险因素和结果.
主要方法:
- 9,952名成年COVID-19患者的回顾性队列研究 (03/2020-05/2022).
- 在免疫抑制和非免疫抑制组之间比较了包括死亡率,ICU入院和停留时间在内的结果.
- 使用回归分析,控制相关的共变量.
主要成果:
- 免疫抑制患者在住院死亡率 (调整后的OR: 1.78) 和ICU入院率 (调整后的OR: 1.64) 较高.
- 在免疫抑制组中观察到对侵入性通风的需求增加和更长的住院/ICU停留时间增加.
- 固体器官移植接受者,以及艾滋病毒感染者和CD4计数低的人,表现最差.
结论:
- 免疫抑制与明显更糟糕的COVID-19结果有关.
- 固体器官移植患者面临的风险最高,其次是CD4计数较低的人.
- 没有低CD4计数的HIV患者的结局与非免疫抑制个体的结局相似.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
324
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
324
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
12.3K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
12.3K
Immunodeficiency Diseases
1.2K
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
1.2K
Humoral Immune Responses
75.9K
Overview
75.9K
Myocarditis III: Medical Management
16
Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
16
Tumor Immunotherapy
660
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
660


