种族/民族差异在急诊室分类分配中,在药物使用访问中存在种族/民族差异
Samantha Goldfarb1, Natalie Dix1, Austin Spitz1
1Florida State University College of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America.
PloS one
|August 8, 2025
概括
与白人患者相比,患有物质使用障碍 (SUD) 的黑人患者在ED中接受紧急分拣的可能性较低. 这表明在SUD患者的紧急护理中可能存在种族偏见和耻辱感.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
背景情况:
- 由于阿片类药物和物质使用障碍 (SUD) 流行,美国面临公共卫生危机.
- 医护人员的耻辱和急诊室 (ED) 的种族不平等是SUD治疗的障碍.
- 在ED等待时间和SUD患者的服务提供方面存在种族差异.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查种族和种族差异的严重程度的选任务的患者提出EDs与物质使用障碍.
- 分析SUD个体之间基于种族和种族的ED选水平的差异.
主要方法:
- 来自2016-2020年国家医院门诊医疗调查 (NHAMCS) 的综合数据的回顾性分析.
- 利用多变量后勤回归来评估SUD患者的种族/种族分拣水平的差异.
- 对包括年龄,性别和到达方式 (例如救护车) 在内的共同变量进行控制.
主要成果:
- 该研究包括788个ED访问SUD. 非西班牙裔白人患者占56%,非西班牙裔黑人患者占28.6%,西班牙裔患者占12.9%.
- 与白人患者相比,黑人患者与SUD的访问有53%的可能性较低,与白人患者相比,被分配即时/紧急选水平 (OR=0.47,p=0.025).
结论:
- 与白人患者相比,患有SUD的黑人患者在ED中接受紧急分拣的可能性明显低,即使经过调整以考虑混因素.
- 这些发现表明,基于种族和SUD地位的双重耻辱可能会影响紧急护理.
- 结果突出了改善在紧急情况下为物质使用障碍患者提供公平护理的关键领域.
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