扩大基于自然的解决方案:城市绿化对鸟类生物多样性的剂量反应效应
Lior Ventura1, Assaf Shwartz1, Diederik Strubbe2
1Human and Biodiversity Research Lab, Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel.
Journal of environmental management
|August 8, 2025
概括
基于自然的解决方案 (NbS) 可以增强城市生物多样性,但最佳水平有所不同. 更多的绿色基础设施并不总是更好;特定环境的设计对于最大限度地提高鸟类多样性至关重要.
科学领域:
- 城市生态学 城市生态学
- 保护科学是一种保护科学.
- 环境管理环境管理
背景情况:
- 促进以自然为基础的解决方案 (NbS) 促进城市的可持续性和弹性.
- 关于NbS对城市生物多样性的有效性,特别是最佳实施的证据有限.
- 目前的研究往往缺乏对NbS和生物多样性的剂量反应关系的详细分析.
研究的目的:
- 分析不同类型和NbS水平与城市鸟类多样性之间的关系.
- 确定最佳的实施水平,以最大限度地提高NbS生物多样性收益.
- 了解生态环境如何影响NbS对鸟类生物多样性的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在1000多个地点进行了大都会规模的调查.
- 评估了四种类型的NbS:街道树,城市绿地,绿色屋顶和水位.
- 分析了自然元素和鸟类多样性之间的剂量反应关系.
主要成果:
- 生物多样性对NbS的反应主要是非线性的:"更多并不总是更好".
- 树木覆盖,植被复杂性和自然化的水对鸟类多样性产生了积极的影响,通常在中间水平达到顶峰.
- 街头树木在覆盖率超过30%以上的回报率下降;绿地受益于结构异质性;绿色屋顶的影响最小.
结论:
- 实施NbS必须明确整合生物多样性目标.
- 有效的NbS设计需要考虑非线性响应,值和区域生态环境.
- 需要量身定制的NbS策略,以最大限度地提高城市环境中的生物多样性效益.
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