提高认知功能和身体衰退的老年人认知功能和福祉:对随机对照试验的元分析,检查身体活动干预措施
Jing-Yu Chang1, Kuei-Ru Chou2, Yu-Ling Chang3,4,5
1Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Journal of physical activity & health
|August 8, 2025
概括
身体活动干预措施显著改善了虚弱老年人的认知功能,心理健康和生活质量. 多元组件和抵抗运动对于健康的衰老特别有效.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 认知虚弱,以身体虚弱和轻微的认知障碍为特征,是一种可逆的疾病.
- 身体活动干预措施有望改善老年人虚弱的结果.
研究的目的:
- 评估体育活动干预措施对经历虚弱的老年人认知功能和福祉的有效性.
主要方法:
- 1990年至2025年3月期间发表的42项随机对照试验 (4740名参与者) 的元分析.
- 干预措施包括多元组件运动,抵抗训练,有氧运动和基于正念的活动.
- 搜索的数据库:ProQuest,PubMed,CINAHL终极,Scopus和谷歌学者. 这是一个很好的例子.
主要成果:
- 身体活动在全球认知 (g = 0.442),注意力 (g = 0.267) 和执行功能 (g = 0.279) 中产生了小到中等的改善.
- 对记忆没有显著影响 (g = -0.020).
- 与身体健康相关的生活质量的中度改善 (g = 0.600) 和对心理健康的中度至大效应 (g = 0.710).
结论:
- 多元组件和抵抗训练计划有效地提高了虚弱的老年人的认知功能,心理健康和生活质量.
- 建议为老年护理提供个性化的体育活动计划,以促进健康的衰老.
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