类似的工作要求,类似的问题解决,但与其他人相比,精神障碍的员工有更多的自我调节问题
1Psychotherapy and Diagnostics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.
Die Rehabilitation
|August 8, 2025
概括
患有精神障碍的员工在自我调节和应对工作方面扎,而不是在一般问题解决方面. 支持应侧重于个人需求,特别是压力管理,以提高工作能力和减少病假.
科学领域:
- 职业健康心理学 职业健康心理学
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
- 工作场所的幸福 工作场所的幸福
背景情况:
- 由于精神疾病导致的病假是一个影响工作能力的全球性问题.
- 有效的人-工作适合,工作需求与应对能力相匹配,至关重要.
- 现有的研究缺乏关于精神障碍和没有精神障碍的员工之间的具体应对和解决问题的差异的细节.
研究的目的:
- 调查与没有精神障碍的员工之间的心理能力,工作焦虑,应对和解决问题的技能的差异.
- 为了确定与工作相关的应对有关精神障碍的员工的具体困难领域.
- 为职场心理健康提供有针对性的支持策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在372名来自不同职业的受雇者中,一个方便的样本填写了在线问卷.
- 收集的数据包括社会人口统计,精神障碍状态,心理能力 (迷你ICF-APP-S),工作需求 (迷你ICF-APP-W),工作焦虑 (WPS),工作应对 (JoCoRi) 和解决问题 (12WD尺度).
主要成果:
- 患有精神障碍的员工报告了类似的工作要求,但在九个心理能力维度上,他们认为自己更弱.
- 患有精神障碍的人表现出更高的工作焦虑,更低的感知人与工作的适应性,以及更长的病假时间.
- 在一般问题解决能力方面没有发现显著差异;两组人都对处理任务,同事和主管感到自信. 在自我调节方面,特别是在压力和症状管理方面,发现了弱点.
结论:
- 对有心理健康问题的员工的支持应该是个性化的,专注于预防和重返社会的具体需求.
- 针对自我调节技能的干预措施,如压力和症状管理,可能比一般的解决问题的培训更有益.
- 解决自我调节的缺陷可以提高工作能力,并可能减少精神障碍员工的病假.
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