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生命早期的身体尺寸轨迹和初级开角视光眼的风险:一个回顾性队列研究

Jianqi Chen¹, Yuyao Ling¹, Yingting Zhu¹

¹From the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China.

American journal of ophthalmology

|August 8, 2025

概括

成年人体型较低增加了初级开角玻璃眼 (POAG) 的风险. 在一生中保持健康的体重,特别是避免显著的体重减轻,对于减少POAG负担和预防失明至关重要.

科学领域:

眼科医生眼科眼科
流行病学流行病学
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

主要开角青光眼 (POAG) 是全球不可逆转失明的主要原因.
关于身体质量指数 (BMI) 和POAG之间的关联的现有研究产生了不一致的结果.
有限的研究已经探索了早期生命体型轨迹对POAG风险的影响.

研究的目的:

调查早期生命体型轨迹与发展初级开角青光眼 (POAG) 的风险之间的关联.
为了检查成年人体型和POAG发病率之间的关系.
确定从童年到成年期身体尺寸变化对POAG风险的影响.

主要方法:

一项回顾性队列研究,利用英国生物银行467,768名参与者的数据.
童年时的体型与同龄人相比被分为低,平均或高.
使用BMI残留值评估成人体型,并定义了九个不同的早期生命体型轨迹. 考克斯的比例危险模型被用来分析POAG风险.

主要成果:

身体尺寸轨迹以低成人身体尺寸结束的个体表现出POAG的风险增加 (例如,低-低:HR=1.35,P<.001).
成年人体型较低始终与POAG风险增加有关 (HR=1.30,P<.001).
成年人高体型与POAG风险降低有关 (HR=0.86,P=.037),而儿童高体型显示风险略有增加 (HR=1.14,P=.046).
在儿童时代体型较小的个体中,达到平均或高的成人体型与降低POAG风险有关.
从高儿童体型体重减轻到低成人体型的显著体重减轻显著增加了POAG风险 (HR=1.66,P=.003).

结论:

成年人体型较低是原发性开角绿眼病的重要危险因素.
避免过度减肥,特别是从童年到成年期,似乎对于减轻POAG风险至关重要.
这些发现凸显了整个生命中体重管理对于预防POAG及其相关视力丧失的重要性.

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