针对急性呼吸衰竭患者的人工智能驱动的决策支持:一个范围审查
Preeti Gupta1,2,3, Alex K Pearce4, Thaidan Pham4
1Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA. prgupta@scripps.edu.
Intensive care medicine experimental
|August 8, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 工具在急性呼吸衰竭管理方面表现有前途,但实际影响尚不清楚. 很少有研究符合评估标准,忽视了AI错误和公平性等关键方面.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 临床决策支持 临床决策支持
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 提供了治疗急性呼吸衰竭的潜力.
- 人工智能工具在这个领域的实际临床影响和验证需要进一步调查.
- 本次审查侧重于临床验证的AI工具及其部署的评估质量措施.
研究的目的:
- 识别和评估人工智能驱动的急性呼吸衰竭决策支持工具.
- 评估AI工具临床研究中关键评估措施的报告质量.
- 了解人工智能在急性呼吸衰竭管理中的更广泛部署的先决条件.
主要方法:
- 对比人工智能干预与急性呼吸衰竭成年患者的对照组的研究进行范围审查.
- 在PubMed,CINAHL和EmBase中进行系统的文献搜索,直到2025年1月.
- 使用DECIDE-AI框架进行早期临床评估的数据提取和质量评估.
主要成果:
- 六项研究符合资格标准,主要侧重于预测机械通风导致的断奶.
- 只有50%的研究表明了具有统计学意义和临床意义的结果.
- 研究在17个DECIDE-AI标准中平均达到3.5分,但错误报告和公平性等关键方面基本没有得到解决.
结论:
- 对急性呼吸衰竭的AI工具显示出希望,特别是在预测机械通风断奶方面.
- 这些人工智能工具的早期临床评估中的方法严谨性是不一致的.
- 需要进一步对可靠性,可用性和现实世界的实施进行高质量的评估,以使人工智能能够改变患者护理.
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