下一代测序揭示了加纳脑炎的病毒病因:一项前性横截面研究
Richmond Yeboah1,2, Richmond Gorman1, Philip El-Duah3
1Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine, Kumasi, Ghana.
BMC infectious diseases
|August 9, 2025
概括
下一代测序 (NGS) 为加纳的病毒性脑炎提供了一种全面的诊断方法,比传统的PCR方法识别出更广泛的病原体和共感染.
科学领域:
- 神经病毒学 神经病毒学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 基因组医学是基因组医学.
背景情况:
- 加纳的病毒性脑炎诊断严重依赖于综合征诊断和有限的聚合酶链反应 (PCR) 试验.
- 现有的诊断方法使大量病毒性脑炎病例未被诊断出来,阻碍了有效的患者管理和流行病学理解.
- 诊断差距归因于PCR无法检测新型或意想不到的病毒病原体.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较PCR和下一代测序 (NGS) 的诊断实用性,用于识别加纳疑似脑炎患者脑脊液样本中的病毒病原体.
- 通过使用这两种诊断技术,评估病毒性脑炎和并发症的流行率.
- 评估并发感染对患者结局的影响.
主要方法:
- 2019年5月至2022年8月,在加纳的Komfo Anokye教学医院进行了一项横截面研究.
- 从43名疑似脑炎患者的脑脊液样本中,使用传统PCR和高通量NGS进行了分析.
- 收集和分析了病毒检测,同时感染和患者存活率的数据.
主要成果:
- 病毒性脑炎在42% (18/43) 的样本中得到证实,在6个家族中确定了11种病毒.
- 疹病毒 (34%) 和逆转录病毒 (28%),特别是人类免疫缺陷病毒-1 (HIV-1) 和肠道病毒,是最常见的致病原体.
- NGS确定了PCR遗漏的额外病毒和共感染 (39%);共感染患者的生存率明显较低 (28.6%),HIV-1和疹病毒是主要贡献者.
结论:
- 下一代测序 (NGS) 显著扩大了病毒性脑炎的诊断能力,克服了向PCR的局限性.
- 在加纳脑炎病例中,NGS提供了对病毒病因和共感染景观的更全面的了解.
- 实施NGS可以在资源有限的环境中改善病毒性脑炎的患者管理策略和结果.
相关概念视频
Viral Meningitis
Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
Arboviral Encephalitis
Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology
Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
Encephalitis l: Introduction
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction
Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...


