基于3D建模的人类呼吸系统模拟 - - 综述
Elena Lucania1, Pietro Piazzolla1, Michele Bertolini1
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy.
Journal of medical engineering & technology
|August 9, 2025
概括
本综述分析了用于肺部疾病诊断和治疗的呼吸系统动态建模. 将详细的肺模型与动态模拟相结合,特别是计算流体动力学和流体结构相互作用,可以增强临床干预.
科学领域:
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
背景情况:
- 精确模拟呼吸系统动态对于诊断和治疗肺部疾病至关重要.
- 目前正在审查在呼吸周期 (吸入和吸出) 期间模拟肺机械的方法.
- 专注于在气管支气管树内的空气流模拟.
研究的目的:
- 审查和分析当前用于呼吸系统动态建模的方法.
- 根据建模方法,模拟技术,边界条件和临床适用性评估45项选定的研究.
- 强调整合解剖建模与动态模拟框架的重要性,以改善临床干预,特别是在肺部手术中.
主要方法:
- 一个结构化的选过程确定了45项相关研究.
- 评估标准包括建模方法 (DICOM细分,基于CAD,混合),模拟技术 (CFD,FSI,生物机械,神经网络),边界条件和临床适用性.
- 分析的重点是气管支气管树空气流的模拟.
主要成果:
- 确定了用于3D气管支气管模型生成的三个主要策略:DICOM细分,基于CAD的几何和混合方法.
- 计算流体动力学 (CFD) 是最广泛采用的模拟方法,而流体结构相互作用 (FSI) 和混合CFD-FSI模型提供更高的生理保真.
- DICOM细分提供了解剖现实主义,但深度有限;CAD和混合方法提供了更广泛的覆盖范围,但可能会减少主题的特异性.
结论:
- 将详细的解剖肺模型与动态模拟框架相结合,对于推进临床干预至关重要,特别是在肺部手术中.
- 未来的研究应该整合患者特定的成像,先进的边界条件和多尺度建模,以实现精确和可扩展的呼吸模拟.
- 增强的建模能力将改善肺部疾病的诊断和治疗.
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