在工作中暴露于热量:制定定量欧洲工作暴露矩阵 (热量JEM)
Tosca O E de Crom1, Bernice Scholten, Eugenio Traini
1Department of Risk Analysis for Prevention, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research TNO, Princetonlaan 6, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands. tosca.decrom@tno.nl.
Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health
|August 9, 2025
概括
一个新的工作暴露矩阵 (JEM) 量化了欧洲各地的职业热压力,考虑工作,地区和年份. 这种工具对于了解暴露于热量的风险至关重要,特别是在南欧的体力苛刻的工作中.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 环境流行病学环境流行病学
- 适应气候变化 适应气候变化
背景情况:
- 气候变化加剧了职业热压力,需要对流行病学研究进行客观的暴露评估.
- 现有的评估热暴露的方法缺乏特定区域和特定年份的细节性.
研究的目的:
- 制定一个协调的职业暴露矩阵 (JEM) 以量化欧洲各地的职业热应激.
- 根据职位名称提供区域和年度特定的热应激暴露估计.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个符合ISO标准 (7243,8996,9920) 的热 JEM.
- 使用有效湿球球体温度 (WBGT_eff) 超过参考 (WBGT_ref) 的估计年热应力小时.
- 利用历史气象数据 (1970-2024年),调整了服装,新陈代谢率,适应,当地的热/冷源和工作时间表.
主要成果:
- 热应激暴露在具有局部热源和高体力要求的工作中最高,特别是在强制性工作服时.
- 与其他地区相比,南欧的年度热应激负担较大.
- 暴露量每年有所变化,对于未经适应环境的工人来说,暴露量显著增加.
结论:
- 热量JEM提供了一种协调的工具来研究职业热压力,并纳入工作,地区和特定年份的因素.
- 该框架是透明的,允许未来的数据更新和扩展到其他地区和时间段.
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