洞察中国江平原低河流网络模式演变的驱动因素和相互作用
Shanheng Huang1,2, Peng Wang1, Zulin Hua3,4
1Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
Environmental monitoring and assessment
|August 9, 2025
概括
从1985年到2016年,江平原的河流网络密度下降,但连接性和中心性增加. 人类活动的强度,特别是GDP,显著推动了这些河流模式的变化.
科学领域:
- 水文学的水文学
- 地质形态学 地质形态学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 江平原拥有广的低地区和密集的河流网络,对于水文管理和生态保护至关重要.
- 了解河流网络模式变化对于下游水资源和生态系统健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析1985年至2016年江平原河流网络模式的时空变化.
- 确定影响这些变化的主要驱动因素,包括人类活动和自然因素.
- 研究这些驱动因素影响的空间异质性.
主要方法:
- 地理探测器 (GD) 模型用于识别河流模式上的单因素和相互作用影响.
- 多尺度地理加权回归 (MGWR) 模型以捕捉空间异质性.
- 分析河流密度 (RD),网络连接性 (NC),网络程度 (D) 和中间中心性 (BC).
主要成果:
- 从1985年到2016年,河流密度 (RD) 减少了36.8%,而网络连接性 (NC),网络程度 (D) 和中间中心性 (BC) 增加了.
- 人类活动强度 (HAI),以土地利用变化为特征,是单一因素水平上的主要驱动因素.
- HAI与年平均温度之间的相互作用显著影响了RD和BC;涉及人口密度,GDP和排水的相互作用影响了NC和D.
结论:
- 江湖平原的河流网络模式由于人类活动和自然因素的结合而演变.
- 人类活动,特别是GDP对河流网络的影响显示出显著的空间差异.
- 这些发现为低平原的水资源管理和生态保护提供了科学基础.
相关概念视频
Design Example: Design of an Irrigation Channel
219
Trapezoidal channels are widely used in irrigation systems due to their cost-effectiveness and efficiency in conveying water. Trapezoidal channels feature a flat bottom and sloping sides, making them stable and easier to construct compared to other shapes. The bottom width and side slope ratio are determined based on the required flow capacity and site conditions. The side slope is kept gentle for unlined channels to prevent soil erosion.Hydraulic parameters in channel design include the flow...
219
Gradually Varying Flow
118
Gradually varying flow (GVF) in open channels describes situations where water depth changes slowly along the channel due to factors like non-uniform bed slope, channel shape variations, or obstructions. This flow type occurs when the depth adjusts gradually to balance gravitational forces, shear forces, and energy requirements, resulting in a low rate of depth change.Characteristics of Gradually Varying FlowGVF is commonly observed in natural streams, rivers, and canals, where flow depth...
118
Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment
101
Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
101
Xylem and Transpiration-driven Transport of Resources
24.6K
The xylem of vascular plants distributes water and dissolved minerals that are taken up by the roots to the rest of the plant. The cells that transport xylem sap are dead upon maturity, and the movement of xylem sap is a passive process.
24.6K
Design Example: Creating a Hydraulic Model of a Dam Spillway
298
Scaled hydraulic models of dam spillways provide a practical way to replicate and study the intricate flow dynamics of these structures. Often built to a 1:15 ratio, these models allow for observing critical water behavior, such as velocity distribution, flow patterns, and energy dissipation.
298
Rapidly Varying Flow
138
Rapidly varying flow (RVF) in open channels is characterized by abrupt changes in flow depth over a short distance, with the rate of depth change relative to distance often approaching unity. These flows are inherently complex due to their transient and multi-dimensional nature, making exact analysis difficult. However, approximate solutions using simplified models provide valuable insights into their behavior.Key Features of Rapidly Varying FlowRVF is commonly observed in scenarios involving...
138


