印度河三角洲湿地动态:一个哨兵-2和机器学习的方法
Yaseen Laghari1, Zhenguo Niu1, Shah Jahan Leghari2
1Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Journal of environmental management
|August 9, 2025
概括
由于开发,印度河三角洲的沿海湿地正在缩小,从2018年到2023年,水体的损失显著. 观察到一些恢复,强调了需要在这个重要的生态区域进行保护工作的必要性.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 遥感 遥感 遥感 遥感
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
背景情况:
- 沿海湿地是关键的生态系统,面临着人类活动和环境变化的威胁.
- 印度河三角洲的湿地是至关重要的,但经历了重大的转型.
- 了解这些动态是有效保护和管理的关键.
研究的目的:
- 评估2018年至2023年印度河三角洲的土地使用土地覆盖面 (LULC) 动态和沿海湿地的回收.
- 量化湿地区域,水体,建筑区和植被覆盖面的变化.
- 确定湿地迁移的趋势,并评估人类活动的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了在谷歌地球引擎 (GEE) 平台上处理的 Sentinel-2 高分辨率图像.
- 用户随机森林 (RF) 机器学习用于受监督的LULC分类.
- 应用变化检测,土地覆盖转移矩阵,NDVI,mNDWI和面积加权的中心点分析.
主要成果:
- 水体的大幅下降 (-108.7公里2),在2018-2019年期间出现了显著的损失.
- 建筑面积 (+207.7平方公里) 和耕地 (+240.2平方公里) 的扩大.
- 荒地 (-219.7平方公里) 和植物性湿地 (-119.5平方公里) 的减少,从2022-2023年开始,水体的恢复很小 (+8.47平方公里).
结论:
- 印度河三角洲沿海湿地面临生态压力,显著的湿地损失和土地利用转型证明了这一点.
- 城市化和农业强化是这些变化的主要驱动力.
- 尽管有损失,但最近的复苏表明成功恢复的潜力,这对沿海地区的生物多样性和生态系统服务至关重要.
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