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相关概念视频

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
2.2K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.1K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
2.1K
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)

2.0K
Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
2.0K
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.4K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.4K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.7K
Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
2.7K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:09

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.8K
The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this...
2.8K

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相关实验视频

Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Microwave-assisted Functionalization of Polyethylene glycol and On-resin Peptides for Use in Chain Polymerizations and Hydrogel Formation
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Microwave-assisted Functionalization of Polyethylene glycol and On-resin Peptides for Use in Chain Polymerizations and Hydrogel Formation

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离子可逆添加碎片链转移聚合甲酸盐

Paige E Jacky1, Madison A Neukirch1, Brett P Fors1

  • 1Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 11, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

这项研究引入了离子可逆添加碎片链转移 (RAFT) 聚合. 这种更安全,室温兼容的方法使用更少的烧化试剂,并提供更好的聚合物合成控制.

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Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst
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科学领域:

  • 聚合物化学
  • 有机合成
  • 材料科学

背景情况:

  • 甲酸盐的离子聚合提供了控制,但需要危险的试剂和低温.
  • 提高这些聚合物的安全性,实用性和可扩展性至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一种更安全,更实用的离子聚合法.
  • 减少对热性试剂的依赖,并实现更高的反应温度.
  • 通过一种新的链转移机制实现受控聚合.

主要方法:

  • 采用了阳离子可逆添加碎片链转移 (RAFT) 聚合.
  • 乙基2-甲基-2-乙酸被用作链转移剂.
  • 扩散酸链末和CTA之间的可逆醇反应得到了利用.

主要成果:

  • 实现了各种甲酸盐的受控聚合.
  • 需要减少活性基启动剂的数量.
  • 与传统方法相比,反应是在高温下进行的.
  • 得到了稳定的,可分离的化物链末端.

结论:

  • 开发的阳离子RAFT聚合为甲酸盐合成提供了更安全,更可扩展的替代方案.
  • 该方法允许控制聚合物架构和功能终端组.
  • 链末端可以进行进一步的聚合物改造,例如块共聚合物合成.