在年轻的节奏体操运动员中降低垂直跳表现和不对称性
Eleonora Passacantando1, Stefano Marinelli1, Stefano La Greca1
1Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Sports biomechanics
|August 11, 2025
概括
节奏体操运动员在垂直跳跃下降时,在力量产生和吸收方面表现出明显的下肢不对称性. 这些差异凸显了培训的影响,并表明需要有针对性的干预措施来改善肌肉骨健康.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 肌肉骨健康 肌肉骨健康
背景情况:
- 节奏体操 (RG) 涉及重复的单边运动,可能导致肌肉骨失衡.
- 由于受伤风险和性能影响,下肢不对称性是运动员的一个问题.
研究的目的:
- 研究年轻节奏体操运动员在垂直跳跃 (DVJ) 期间下肢不对称的情况.
- 在使用首选和非首选四肢的DVJ期间分析力参数和性能变量.
主要方法:
- 15名年轻的节奏体操运动员从盒子中执行DVJ,使用首选和非首选的四肢.
- 分析包括飞行时间,接触时间,反应强度指数 (RSI),功率输出和垂直地面反应力 (vGRF) 峰值.
- 在不同的跳跃阶段,优选和非优选四肢之间的力参数的比较.
主要成果:
- 较高的同心力产生 (第三个vGRF峰值) 被观察到在首选的肢体,当启动跳跃的肢体 (p <0.05).
- 在断裂阶段 (第二个vGRF峰值) 发生在非偏好的肢体中,当使用该肢体开始跳跃时 (p < 0.01) 发生了更大的力吸收.
结论:
- 在节奏体操运动员中观察到的力量不对称性与这项运动的苛刻训练有关.
- 通过有针对性的训练来解决这些不对称性可能会改善年轻运动员的肌肉骨健康.
- 进一步研究这些观察到的不对称性背后的神经机制是有必要的.
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