由多源数据驱动的等级医疗保健设施的空间优化:中国沈阳的一个案例研究
Yifei Wang1, Duanqiang Zhai1,2, Wuqi Xie3
1College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Frontiers in public health
|August 11, 2025
概括
这项研究揭示了沈阳的重大医疗保健空间不平等,资源集中在中央,在外围地区稀缺. 拟议的干预措施旨在改善所有居民获得医疗保健和公平的机会.
科学领域:
- 城市规划和公共卫生
- 空间分析和医疗保健管理
- 地理信息系统 (GIS) 在医疗保健提供中
背景情况:
- 快速的城市化和人口老龄化加剧了沈阳的医疗保健空间不平等.
- 城市中心的高水平医疗资源过度集中和边缘地区的服务不足造成了系统性失衡.
- 现有的医疗保健分发挑战影响服务提供中的公平性和效率.
研究的目的:
- 综合评估沈阳各级 (三级,二级,初级) 的医疗保健设施的空间分布和可访问性.
- 使用吉尼系数量化医疗保健的空间不平等,并确定服务不足的地区 ("医疗保健沙漠").
- 提出一个多层次的空间优化战略,以提高医疗保健的公平性和可访问性.
主要方法:
- 使用大数据融合集成多源数据 (人口,设施位置,运输网络).
- 应用空间分析技术,包括核密度估计,二变空间自相关和服务区域网络分析.
- 使用服务覆盖率建模和位置分配 (LA) 模型来识别缺陷并提出解决方案.
主要成果:
- 证实了医疗保健设施分布中明显的"中心度-外围稀缺"模式.
- 在各行政单位的人均医疗保健资源分配方面发现了显著的差异.
- 模拟结果表明,在沈北和洪南等地区存在重大缺陷.
结论:
- 拟议的空间优化战略,包括设施的增加和重新配置,可以显著提高人口覆盖率,达到98.98%.
- 一个"核心解堵-边缘加强"的方法是有效的改善医疗保健的空间公平.
- 该研究提供了一个可转移的框架,以提高医疗保健在城市环境中的可访问性,效率和弹性.
相关概念视频
Secondary Healthcare System
1.6K
Secondary healthcare is offered by a specialist, generally in hospitals or clinics for patients referred by primary healthcare providers. It occurs when a person has an illness or injury that requires specific medical care. Secondary care is often referred to as acute care. Secondary care can range from uncomplicated care to repair a minor laceration or treat a strep throat infection to more complicated emergent care, such as treating a head injury sustained in an automobile accident. Whatever...
1.6K
Manipulation and Analysis
59
GIS manipulation and analysis functions are vital for decision-making and planning. These activities range from data retrieval tasks, such as selecting information based on specific criteria, to advanced analytical techniques that address complex spatial problems.One critical GIS analysis method is overlaying, which combines multiple data layers to examine impacts. For example, overlaying a river-dammed lake boundary with road networks can identify affected infrastructure. Another common...
59
Hospitals-II
831
Hospitals provide inpatient and outpatient services. Inpatient services provide care to patients that stay in the hospital for an extended period, ranging from days to months. Examples of inpatient services include intensive care units, hospital wards, or surgeries. Outpatient services provide care to patients who come to a hospital for a diagnostic or treatment but do not stay overnight —for example, diagnostic tests, surgical procedures, or health education.
Nurses that work in...
Nurses that work in...
831
Integrated Healthcare System
1.8K
An integrated healthcare system (IHS) is a set of organizations that provides for or arranges to provide coordinated and continuous service to a defined population. The IHS takes responsibility for that particular population's health status and outcome, both clinically and fiscally. An integrated healthcare system is a well-organized, well-coordinated, and collaborative network. The integrated delivery system is a network that connects different healthcare providers to deliver organized,...
1.8K
Specialized Care Centers and Settings-II
777
Rural Health Centers
Rural health centers are specialized care facilities in remote locations with very few medical personnel. The primary care providers who run the centers are mostly Registered Nurse Practitioners. Here, emergency treatment is provided to critically ill or injured patients before they are transferred to the closest hospital. Fortunately, due to advancement in technology, many rural healthcare facilities and professionals have easy access to diagnostic and treatment...
Rural health centers are specialized care facilities in remote locations with very few medical personnel. The primary care providers who run the centers are mostly Registered Nurse Practitioners. Here, emergency treatment is provided to critically ill or injured patients before they are transferred to the closest hospital. Fortunately, due to advancement in technology, many rural healthcare facilities and professionals have easy access to diagnostic and treatment...
777
Tertiary Healthcare System
1.9K
Specialized care provided over an extended period is called tertiary care. Usually, a primary or secondary care physician will refer a patient to tertiary care. A patient's maximum physical and mental function is restored in tertiary care, which is caused due to the impact of a chronic illness or condition. Tertiary care aims to achieve the highest level of functioning possible while managing chronic illness. For example, a patient who falls and fractures their hip will need secondary care...
1.9K


